GED Science Test #7 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of rock is formed when molten magma cools and solidifies?
- Sedimentary rock
- Metamorphic rock
- Igneous rock (Correct answer)
- Composite rock
Correct answer: Igneous rock
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and crystallizes, either underground (intrusive) or at the surface after a volcanic eruption (extrusive).
Question 2: A cell membrane is described as 'selectively permeable.' What does this mean?
- It allows all substances to pass through equally
- It blocks all substances from entering or leaving the cell
- It allows some substances to pass through while restricting others (Correct answer)
- It only permits water to cross in one direction
Correct answer: It allows some substances to pass through while restricting others
A selectively permeable membrane regulates which substances can enter and exit the cell, allowing essential molecules like water and oxygen to pass while restricting others.
Question 3: The Richter scale measures earthquake magnitude. Each whole number increase on the scale represents how much more ground motion?
- 2 times more
- 5 times more
- 10 times more (Correct answer)
- 100 times more
Correct answer: 10 times more
The Richter scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number increase represents 10 times more ground motion amplitude than the previous number.
Question 4: Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source?
- Natural gas
- Coal
- Wind energy (Correct answer)
- Petroleum
Correct answer: Wind energy
Wind energy is renewable because it is continuously replenished by natural atmospheric processes, unlike fossil fuels which take millions of years to form.
Question 5: In a food web, what would most likely happen if all the producers were suddenly removed?
- Only predators would be affected
- Primary consumers would thrive without competition
- All consumer populations would eventually decline and collapse (Correct answer)
- Decomposers would produce enough energy to sustain the ecosystem
Correct answer: All consumer populations would eventually decline and collapse
Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy that supports all other trophic levels; removing them eliminates the energy base of the entire food web.
Question 6: A substance has a pH of 2. How would you classify this substance?
- Strongly basic
- Weakly basic
- Neutral
- Strongly acidic (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Strongly acidic
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 being acidic; a pH of 2 indicates a strongly acidic substance.
Question 7: Which process moves water from the soil into plant roots against the force of gravity?
- Osmosis and capillary action (Correct answer)
- Photosynthesis
- Cellular respiration
- Transpiration only
Correct answer: Osmosis and capillary action
Water enters roots primarily through osmosis (moving from higher to lower water concentration) and travels upward through narrow xylem vessels via capillary action.
GED Science Test #7 4
Which type of rock is formed when molten magma cools and solidifies?