GED Mathematical Reasoning – Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability

Question 1

The test scores for five students are: 72, 85, 90, 85, and 68. What is the median score?

Accepted Answer

85

Answer

To find the median, arrange the scores in order: 68, 72, 85, 85, 90. The median is the middle value in an ordered list of five numbers, which is the third value: 85. The mean would be (72+85+90+85+68)÷5 = 400÷5 = 80, which is different from the median.

Question 2

A bag contains 4 red marbles, 3 blue marbles, and 3 green marbles. If one marble is chosen at random, what is the probability it is blue?

Accepted Answer

3/10

Answer

Probability = favorable outcomes ÷ total outcomes. There are 3 blue marbles and 10 total marbles (4+3+3), so the probability is 3/10. It is not 1/3 because 3 blue out of 10 total is not the same as 1 out of 3.

Question 3

A bar graph shows that a store sold 40 units in January, 55 in February, 35 in March, and 50 in April. What was the mean (average) number of units sold per month?

Accepted Answer

45

Answer

Mean = sum of all values ÷ number of values. Sum = 40+55+35+50 = 180. Number of months = 4. Mean = 180÷4 = 45 units per month.

Question 4

In a data set, the value that appears most frequently is called the:

Accepted Answer

mode

Answer

The mode is the value that appears most often in a data set. The mean is the arithmetic average, the median is the middle value when data is ordered, and the range is the difference between the largest and smallest values.

Question 5

A scatter plot shows a strong positive correlation between hours studied and exam scores. Which conclusion is best supported by this data?

Accepted Answer

Students who study more tend to score higher on exams

Answer

A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other tends to increase as well — students who study more hours tend to score higher. However, correlation does not prove causation (answer B), does not guarantee exact outcomes (answer C), and is the opposite of no relationship (answer D).

GED Practice Test

GED Practice Test

GED Mathematical Reasoning – Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability