GAT Quality Assurance and Improvement 4

Question 1

A product fails after customer use due to a design flaw that was never detected during production. This is categorized as which type of quality cost?

Accepted Answer

External failure cost

Answer

External failure costs occur when defects escape to customers, including warranty repairs, returns, and liability claims.

Question 2

Which lean quality concept refers to stopping a production line when a defect is detected to prevent further defective output?

Accepted Answer

Jidoka

Answer

Jidoka (autonomation) empowers workers or machines to stop production immediately when an abnormality is detected.

Question 3

A quality team plots actual vs. predicted values for a process output. A strong upward-sloping pattern indicates:

Accepted Answer

A strong positive correlation between variables

Answer

A strong upward slope on a scatter diagram indicates a positive correlation — as one variable increases, so does the other.

Question 4

In quality management, 'voice of the customer' (VOC) is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Translate customer needs into product specifications

Answer

VOC captures customer requirements and expectations, which are then translated into measurable product or service specifications.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a 'poka-yoke' device?

Accepted Answer

A mistake-proofing mechanism that prevents or signals errors

Answer

Poka-yoke devices are error-proofing features that make it impossible or immediately obvious when a mistake occurs.

(GAT) General Achievement Test Practice Test