GAT Quality Assurance and Improvement 2

Question 1

A team discovers that 80% of defects come from 20% of process steps. Which quality tool best illustrates this finding?

Accepted Answer

Pareto chart

Answer

A Pareto chart visualizes the 80/20 rule by ranking defect causes from most to least frequent.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes 'process capability'?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a process to meet specified tolerances consistently

Answer

Process capability measures how well a process produces output within defined specification limits.

Question 3

A quality inspector uses random sampling to test products without destroying them. What sampling approach is this?

Accepted Answer

Acceptance sampling

Answer

Acceptance sampling tests a random subset of a batch to decide whether to accept or reject the entire lot.

Question 4

Which quality philosophy emphasizes that quality should be built into the product rather than inspected in?

Accepted Answer

W. Edwards Deming

Answer

Deming advocated building quality into processes from the start rather than relying on final inspection.

Question 5

What does a fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram primarily help teams identify?

Accepted Answer

Potential root causes of a quality problem

Answer

A fishbone diagram organizes potential causes of a problem into categories to support root cause analysis.

(GAT) General Achievement Test Practice Test