Gaokao Exam Biology: Genetics and Evolution 2

Question 1

What is the term for the observable physical characteristics of an organism determined by its genes and environment?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype

Answer

Genotype

Answer

Allele

Answer

Locus

Question 2

In Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment, genes on different chromosomes are inherited:

Accepted Answer

Independently of each other

Answer

Together, always linked

Answer

Only from the mother

Answer

In a fixed ratio of 2:1

Question 3

Which process produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the normal chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 4

Fossils, comparative anatomy, and DNA sequence comparisons are all types of evidence for:

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary relationships

Answer

Genetic drift

Answer

Epigenetic inheritance

Answer

Phenotypic plasticity

Question 5

What term describes the change in allele frequencies in a population due to random chance, especially in small populations?

Accepted Answer

Genetic drift

Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Gene flow

Answer

Mutation pressure

Question 6

In a dihybrid cross between two AABB and aabb parents, what is the genotype of all F1 offspring?

Accepted Answer

AaBb

Answer

AABB

Answer

aabb

Answer

AABb