Roofing Materials & Installation Techniques Flashcards

What is the primary function of ice and water shield (self-adhering membrane) at roof eaves?

Answer: To protect against ice dam water infiltration

Ice and water shield creates a watertight seal at eaves and other vulnerable areas to prevent water from ice dams from penetrating under shingles and into the structure.

Which method is correct for installing step flashing at a sidewall intersection?

Answer: Individual L-shaped pieces woven with each shingle course

Step flashing uses individual L-shaped pieces installed with each course of shingles to create a series of overlapping barriers that prevent water intrusion at sidewalls.

What minimum roof slope is required for standard asphalt shingles without special low-slope modifications?

Answer: 3:12

Standard asphalt shingles require a minimum slope of 3:12; below this pitch, low-slope modified installation methods with additional underlayment are required.

When installing ridge cap shingles, what is the correct direction relative to prevailing winds?

Answer: Into the wind so nails are protected

Ridge cap shingles are installed starting from the end opposite the prevailing wind so that the exposed laps face away from driving rain, reducing the chance of wind-driven water infiltration.

What is the purpose of a cricket or saddle on a roofing system?

Answer: To divert water around wide chimneys or vertical walls

A cricket is a small peaked structure installed on the high side of a chimney or other projection to divert water around it and prevent pooling.

Which roofing material has the longest expected service life under typical US residential conditions?

Answer: Slate tiles

Natural slate is the most durable common roofing material, with a lifespan of 75–150+ years under proper installation and maintenance conditions.

What is 'open valley' flashing and when is it typically used?

Answer: A valley lined with metal where shingles are trimmed back from the centerline

In open valley installation, metal flashing is exposed in the valley and shingles are trimmed back from the centerline, allowing high water volumes to flow freely.