FUNDAMENTAL SURVEYING Traversing and Coordinate Geometry

Question 1

Which traverse adjustment method distributes closure errors in proportion to the length of each side?

Accepted Answer

Bowditch (Compass) Rule

Answer

Transit Rule

Answer

Least Squares

Answer

Crandall Method

Question 2

In the Transit Rule for traverse adjustment, corrections are distributed proportionally to:

Accepted Answer

The latitude and departure of each side

Answer

The length of each side

Answer

The bearing of each side

Answer

The angle at each station

Question 3

What coordinate system uses Northing and Easting values referenced to a defined origin?

Accepted Answer

Cartesian (rectangular) coordinates

Answer

Geographic coordinates

Answer

Polar coordinates

Answer

Spherical coordinates

Question 4

To compute the area of a traverse using the coordinate method, which formula is used?

Accepted Answer

DMD (Double Meridian Distance) method or coordinate cross-multiply method

Answer

Hero's formula

Answer

Trapezoidal rule

Answer

Simpson's rule

Question 5

A closed traverse has latitudes summing to +0.08 ft and departures summing to −0.06 ft. What correction is applied to each latitude?

Accepted Answer

The latitude correction for each course is proportional to the course's latitude in the Bowditch adjustment

Answer

Each latitude gets −0.08 ft

Answer

Each departure gets +0.06 ft

Answer

Corrections are applied only to the longest side

Question 6

What is the 'angle condition' in a closed traverse?

Accepted Answer

The sum of interior angles must equal (n−2)×180°

Answer

All interior angles must be equal

Answer

Each angle must be less than 180°

Answer

The sum of all angles must equal 360°