FTCE Exceptional Student Education K-12 Exam — Questions and Answers

Question 1: An ESE teacher is helping a general education colleague plan a unit on persuasive writing. The special education student in the class has difficulty with organization. Which differentiation strategy is MOST appropriate?

Assigning a shorter but unstructured writing prompt
Providing a graphic organizer with sentence starters aligned to the persuasive writing structure (Correct answer)
Having the student write on a different topic than classmates
Exempting the student from the writing unit

Correct answer: Providing a graphic organizer with sentence starters aligned to the persuasive writing structure

A graphic organizer with sentence starters scaffolds the organizational process while keeping the student engaged with the same persuasive writing goal.

Question 2: Which characteristic best describes students with Specific Learning Disability (SLD) in the area of written expression (dysgraphia)?

Deficits in mathematical reasoning and computation
Difficulty understanding and following oral directions
Primarily difficulty with reading decoding and phonological processing
Significant difficulty organizing and expressing ideas in writing, including spelling, mechanics, and fluency (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Significant difficulty organizing and expressing ideas in writing, including spelling, mechanics, and fluency

Dysgraphia (SLD in Written Expression) involves difficulties with the physical act of writing, spelling, grammar, punctuation, and/or organizing written communication.

Question 3: How frequently should progress monitoring typically occur for a student receiving Tier 2 interventions in an RTI model?

Once per month
Daily
Every two weeks (biweekly) (Correct answer)
Once per semester

Correct answer: Every two weeks (biweekly)

Students in Tier 2 are typically progress monitored every two weeks (biweekly) to allow for timely data-based decisions about intervention effectiveness.

Question 4: A well-written IEP goal must be measurable. Which goal is written most measurably?

The student will try harder on reading comprehension assignments
The student will demonstrate understanding of grade-level text
The student will improve reading skills during the school year
Given a grade-3 passage, the student will correctly answer 4 of 5 comprehension questions with 80% accuracy across 3 consecutive trials (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Given a grade-3 passage, the student will correctly answer 4 of 5 comprehension questions with 80% accuracy across 3 consecutive trials

A measurable IEP goal includes the condition, the behavior, the criterion, and the evaluation method — making it possible to objectively determine whether the goal has been met.

Question 5: Which term describes the requirement that special education decisions must be based on multiple sources of data rather than a single test score?

Response to Intervention
Nondiscriminatory Evaluation (Correct answer)
Child Find
Universal Design for Learning

Correct answer: Nondiscriminatory Evaluation

Nondiscriminatory Evaluation under IDEA requires that eligibility decisions be based on a variety of assessment tools and strategies, not a single measure.

Question 6: An ESE teacher notices that a student is not making adequate progress toward an IEP goal mid-year. The most appropriate response is to:

Continue the current approach for the rest of the year to allow more time
Wait until the annual IEP review to address the concern
Inform parents via a progress report and convene the IEP team to consider revising the goal or services (Correct answer)
Remove the goal from the IEP and replace it with an easier one without parental input

Correct answer: Inform parents via a progress report and convene the IEP team to consider revising the goal or services

IDEA requires that parents be notified of progress and that the IEP team reconvene when a student is not making expected progress, to consider whether the goal or services need to be revised.

Question 7: A student with an intellectual disability is learning to order a meal at a restaurant. This type of instruction in real-world settings is called:

Simulated instruction
Self-contained classroom instruction
Community-based instruction (Correct answer)
Direct instruction

Correct answer: Community-based instruction

Community-based instruction (CBI) involves teaching functional skills in the actual natural environments where those skills will be used, maximizing generalization for students with intellectual disabilities.

Question 8: Which of the following describes 'curriculum-based evaluation' (CBE) as distinct from curriculum-based measurement (CBM)?

CBE and CBM are identical processes with different names
CBE is a broader diagnostic process used to identify what to teach; CBM is used to measure growth rate over time (Correct answer)
CBE measures only reading; CBM measures only math
CBE uses standardized probes; CBM uses informal teacher-created assessments

Correct answer: CBE is a broader diagnostic process used to identify what to teach; CBM is used to measure growth rate over time

CBE is a broader assessment process to determine what skills to target and where instruction should begin; CBM monitors the rate of progress after instruction starts.

Question 9: Which of the following BEST describes formative assessment in special education?

A standardized diagnostic test given once per year
The evaluation process for determining special education eligibility
A final test administered at the end of a unit to determine mastery
Ongoing, informal checks for understanding used to adjust instruction in real time (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Ongoing, informal checks for understanding used to adjust instruction in real time

Formative assessment involves continuous monitoring of student learning during the instructional process to provide immediate feedback and guide instructional adjustments.

Question 10: A special education teacher learns that a student's family is experiencing homelessness. Under the McKinney-Vento Act, what is the school's obligation?

Wait for the family to request services before providing assistance
Refer the family to community services only after verifying residency
Delay enrollment until a permanent address is established
Immediately enroll the student and provide services without requiring all typical documentation (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Immediately enroll the student and provide services without requiring all typical documentation

The McKinney-Vento Act requires immediate enrollment and services for homeless students, even if typical documentation (proof of residence, records) is not yet available.

Question 11: Which of the following BEST describes 'pivotal response training' (PRT) as an intervention for students with ASD?

A highly structured, therapist-directed drill-based approach to teach discrete skills
A naturalistic, play-based ABA approach that targets pivotal areas like motivation, self-management, and response to multiple cues to produce broad improvements (Correct answer)
A medication management protocol for behavioral regulation
A peer-based social skills curriculum used exclusively in group settings

Correct answer: A naturalistic, play-based ABA approach that targets pivotal areas like motivation, self-management, and response to multiple cues to produce broad improvements

PRT is a naturalistic ABA approach that targets pivotal behaviors (motivation, self-initiation, response to multiple cues) within play and daily routines to produce generalized improvements across domains.

Question 12: Within a Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS), which data-collection method is most appropriate for determining whether a student is responding to Tier 2 interventions?

Frequent progress monitoring using curriculum-based measures (Correct answer)
One-time ecological assessment across multiple settings
Portfolio assessment reviewed each grading period
Annual standardized norm-referenced testing

Correct answer: Frequent progress monitoring using curriculum-based measures

Tier 2 decision-making depends on frequent, brief progress-monitoring probes (such as CBMs) that produce ongoing data about student growth. This frequent data collection allows teams to adjust or intensify interventions quickly rather than waiting for annual test results.

Question 13: A student has received 10 weeks of Tier 2 intervention with biweekly progress monitoring showing a flat growth slope and performance remaining below the 10th percentile. What is the most appropriate next step?

Immediately place the student in a self-contained special education classroom
Move the student to Tier 3 with more intensive, individualized intervention and consider a comprehensive evaluation (Correct answer)
Continue Tier 2 for another 10 weeks before making any changes
Return the student to Tier 1 and discontinue additional supports

Correct answer: Move the student to Tier 3 with more intensive, individualized intervention and consider a comprehensive evaluation

Persistent low performance and flat growth after adequate Tier 2 intervention indicate the need for increased intensity (Tier 3) and may trigger consideration of a comprehensive special education evaluation.

Question 14: A student with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is transitioning back to school after rehabilitation. Which transition planning consideration is MOST critical?

Waiting until the student demonstrates full recovery before resuming transition goals
Immediately resuming all pre-injury academic courses without modification
Focusing solely on academic skill recovery and delaying life skills instruction
Collaborating with the rehabilitation team to understand the student's current cognitive, physical, and behavioral profile and adjusting the IEP accordingly (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Collaborating with the rehabilitation team to understand the student's current cognitive, physical, and behavioral profile and adjusting the IEP accordingly

Close collaboration with the rehabilitation team provides critical information about cognitive, physical, and behavioral changes that must inform updated IEP goals and transition planning.

Question 15: What does FERPA protect in the context of special education?

The right of students to participate in extracurricular activities
A student's right to receive related services
A student's right to free appropriate public education
The confidentiality of students' educational records (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The confidentiality of students' educational records

FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) protects the privacy of student educational records and gives parents the right to access and amend those records.

Question 16: Which of the following support strategies MOST directly addresses the executive function challenges commonly experienced by students with ASD?

Reducing the number of academic demands to minimize frustration
Providing verbal instructions only to promote auditory processing
Using visual schedules, checklists, graphic organizers, and structured routines to support planning, organization, and task completion (Correct answer)
Assigning more independent work to develop self-reliance

Correct answer: Using visual schedules, checklists, graphic organizers, and structured routines to support planning, organization, and task completion

Visual schedules, checklists, and graphic organizers provide external structure that compensates for executive function difficulties — including planning, task initiation, and organization.

Question 17: When a student with a disability exits special education services upon turning 22, IDEA refers to this exit as:

Transition completion
Graduation
Withdrawal
Aging out (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Aging out

'Aging out' refers to an ESE student exceeding the age of eligibility (22 in Florida) and exiting special education services because they are no longer age-eligible.

Question 18: Which assistive technology tool would most directly support an ESE student with dyslexia who struggles with reading printed text?

Calculation device
Graphic calculator
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) device
Text-to-speech software (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Text-to-speech software

Text-to-speech software converts printed or digital text to spoken audio, directly addressing the decoding barrier experienced by students with dyslexia without altering the content being read.

Question 19: Which behavior management strategy involves ignoring a minor problem behavior to reduce its frequency by withholding reinforcement?

Negative punishment
Response cost
Positive reinforcement
Extinction (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Extinction

Extinction involves withholding the reinforcer that has been maintaining a behavior, leading to a gradual decrease in the behavior over time.

Question 20: When modifying curriculum for an ESE student, what is the key distinction between an accommodation and a modification?

Accommodations change what is learned; modifications change how it is assessed
Modifications are only for students with physical disabilities
Both are the same and used interchangeably
Accommodations provide access without altering content standards; modifications change the content or performance expectations (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Accommodations provide access without altering content standards; modifications change the content or performance expectations

Accommodations provide access to grade-level content without changing what is being learned or assessed, while modifications alter the grade-level content standards or performance expectations themselves.

Question 21: The principle of Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) under IDEA requires that students with disabilities be educated:

Only in self-contained special education classrooms
Exclusively in general education settings
To the maximum extent appropriate alongside non-disabled peers (Correct answer)
In separate schools designed for their disability category

Correct answer: To the maximum extent appropriate alongside non-disabled peers

LRE requires that students with disabilities be educated alongside non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate given their individual needs.

Question 22: Which of the following BEST describes the concept of 'cultural responsiveness' in family-school partnerships for ESE?

Providing cultural sensitivity training exclusively for non-English speaking families
Teaching all families the same strategies regardless of background
Requiring families to adopt school-based communication norms
Recognizing and valuing family cultural beliefs and practices when planning and communicating about the student's program (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Recognizing and valuing family cultural beliefs and practices when planning and communicating about the student's program

Culturally responsive family engagement means respecting and incorporating families' cultural values, communication styles, and beliefs into the planning and support process.

Question 23: Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

Sending a student to the principal's office for misbehavior
Ignoring a student's disruptive behavior
Scolding a student for not completing homework
Giving a student a sticker for completing a task (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Giving a student a sticker for completing a task

Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus after a behavior to increase the likelihood of that behavior occurring again. Giving a student a sticker for completing a task is a classic example, as the sticker (desirable stimulus) is provided immediately after the desired behavior (task completion), making the student more likely to complete tasks in the future. This strengthens appropriate behaviors.

Question 24: Which statement about students with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders (EBD) and academic performance is most accurate?

EBD affects behavior only and typically does not impact academic achievement
Many students with EBD also experience academic deficits, particularly in reading and written expression (Correct answer)
Students with EBD consistently perform at grade level when behavioral supports are in place
EBD is primarily an academic disability that secondarily causes behavioral difficulties

Correct answer: Many students with EBD also experience academic deficits, particularly in reading and written expression

Research consistently shows that students identified with EBD frequently have co-occurring academic deficits, particularly in reading and written language, in addition to their social-emotional and behavioral challenges.

Question 25: The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) applies to schools primarily by:

Requiring all schools to create individual accommodation plans
Providing federal funding for special education programs
Prohibiting discrimination based on disability in public entities including public schools (Correct answer)
Replacing IDEA for students with physical disabilities

Correct answer: Prohibiting discrimination based on disability in public entities including public schools

The ADA prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all public entities, including public schools, ensuring equal access to programs and activities.

Question 26: A student with ADHD is provided preferential seating near the teacher. This accommodation primarily addresses which barrier?

Fine motor challenges with handwriting
Difficulty sustaining attention and reducing off-task distractions (Correct answer)
Reading decoding difficulties
Limited working memory for multi-step directions

Correct answer: Difficulty sustaining attention and reducing off-task distractions

Preferential seating near the teacher reduces environmental distractions, allows for discreet redirection, and helps students with ADHD maintain attention during instruction.

Question 27: What is the primary purpose of a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)?

To document disciplinary incidents for legal purposes
To identify the function or purpose of a student's challenging behavior in order to develop effective interventions (Correct answer)
To determine eligibility for special education services
To diagnose a student with a behavioral disorder

Correct answer: To identify the function or purpose of a student's challenging behavior in order to develop effective interventions

An FBA identifies the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences (ABC) to understand the function of a behavior — what the student is getting or avoiding through the behavior.

Question 28: A student's transition IEP must be based on which of the following?

Age-appropriate transition assessments that identify the student's strengths, preferences, interests, and needs (Correct answer)
The parent's post-secondary goals for the student
The teacher's observations of the student's academic performance
The school's available programming options

Correct answer: Age-appropriate transition assessments that identify the student's strengths, preferences, interests, and needs

IDEA requires transition IEPs to be grounded in age-appropriate transition assessments that identify the student's strengths, preferences, interests, and needs — centering the student's voice.

Question 29: When developing differentiated instruction for a student with autism who is a strong visual-spatial learner, which approach is MOST aligned with learning profile differentiation?

Grouping the student with the highest-performing students for peer modeling only
Providing all instruction through verbal lectures
Using visual schedules, diagrams, and graphic representations to deliver content (Correct answer)
Requiring the student to complete the same assignments as peers without any modification

Correct answer: Using visual schedules, diagrams, and graphic representations to deliver content

Visual schedules, diagrams, and graphic representations leverage the student's visual-spatial strength to enhance comprehension and engagement.

Question 30: Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act differs from IDEA primarily because Section 504:

Provides federal funding specifically for special education
Only applies to students with physical disabilities
Requires an IEP for all students receiving services
Covers a broader range of disabilities but does not require specialized instruction (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Covers a broader range of disabilities but does not require specialized instruction

Section 504 is a civil rights law covering any physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity, but it provides accommodations rather than requiring specialized instruction or an IEP.

Question 31: A student with a significant intellectual disability will not achieve a standard diploma. Which exit option is available to students in Florida under these circumstances?

Students may receive a special diploma or certificate of completion and continue to receive services until age 22 (Correct answer)
Students can only exit special education when IEP goals are fully met
Students must exit at age 18 regardless of remaining needs
Students must remain in school indefinitely

Correct answer: Students may receive a special diploma or certificate of completion and continue to receive services until age 22

In Florida, students who do not earn a standard diploma may receive a special diploma or certificate of completion and remain eligible for IDEA services until age 22.

Question 32: What is the primary purpose of a behavior intervention plan (BIP)?

To identify and address the reasons behind a student's behavior (Correct answer)
To punish undesirable behavior
To assign a behavior grade to students
To provide academic support

Correct answer: To identify and address the reasons behind a student's behavior

The primary purpose of a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) is to proactively address challenging behaviors by identifying their underlying causes and developing strategies to teach replacement behaviors. A BIP is based on the findings of a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) and aims to support students in learning more appropriate ways to meet their needs. It focuses on understanding and changing behavior, not just punishing it.

Question 33: A family from a culture that views disability as a source of family shame is reluctant to follow through with an IEP meeting. The MOST appropriate approach for the ESE teacher is to:

Avoid discussing disability in the family's presence
Inform the family that attendance is mandatory under IDEA
Build a respectful relationship, acknowledge the family's perspective, and provide culturally sensitive information about the IEP process and their child's rights (Correct answer)
Refer the family to the school counselor and proceed without them

Correct answer: Build a respectful relationship, acknowledge the family's perspective, and provide culturally sensitive information about the IEP process and their child's rights

Building trust through culturally sensitive communication acknowledges the family's perspective while gently supporting their engagement in the IEP process.

Question 34: Parental rights under IDEA's procedural safeguards include the right to:

Veto any IEP goal they disagree with
Receive prior written notice before any change to the student's educational placement (Correct answer)
Require the school to hire a specific teacher for their child
Request an IEP meeting no more than once per year

Correct answer: Receive prior written notice before any change to the student's educational placement

IDEA requires schools to provide prior written notice to parents before proposing or refusing any change in identification, evaluation, or educational placement.

Question 35: Extended time as a testing accommodation is appropriate for students who:

Are English language learners only
Have a disability that affects the speed at which they can process information or produce responses (Correct answer)
Have received any IEP designation regardless of disability impact on pace
Simply prefer more time to check their answers

Correct answer: Have a disability that affects the speed at which they can process information or produce responses

Extended time is appropriate when a student's disability directly affects processing speed, reading fluency, or written expression — not as a general benefit for all students with IEPs.

Question 36: Which of the following statements about progress monitoring frequency is MOST accurate for students receiving intensive (Tier 3) intervention?

Tier 3 students do not need progress monitoring because they already have IEPs
Progress monitoring frequency is the same across all tiers
Progress monitoring should occur once per month at Tier 3
Students at Tier 3 should be monitored more frequently — at least weekly — because they have the greatest need and the least instructional time to waste (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Students at Tier 3 should be monitored more frequently — at least weekly — because they have the greatest need and the least instructional time to waste

Students receiving Tier 3 intensive intervention should be monitored at least weekly, as they have significant learning needs and require rapid, data-driven adjustments to instruction.

Question 37: At a transition IEP meeting, a student sits silently while parents and teachers make all the decisions. The ESE teacher wants to improve student involvement. Which strategy is MOST effective?

Limit the IEP meeting length to minimize student discomfort
Continue current practice — student presence is sufficient
Have the parent speak on the student's behalf to keep the meeting efficient
Use a student-led IEP format where the student is taught to present their own goals, strengths, and needs (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Use a student-led IEP format where the student is taught to present their own goals, strengths, and needs

Student-led IEPs train students to present their own strengths, needs, and goals — developing self-advocacy and ownership of the transition planning process.

Question 38: Which of the following is an example of an 'antecedent intervention' in a behavior support plan?

Giving the student a token when they raise their hand
Implementing a response cost system for off-task behavior
Praising the student after they complete their work quietly
Removing distracting materials from the student's desk before instruction begins (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Removing distracting materials from the student's desk before instruction begins

Removing distractions before instruction changes the antecedent conditions, reducing the likelihood that the challenging behavior will be triggered.

Question 39: A teacher graphs a student's oral reading fluency data each week. She draws a goal line from the student's baseline to the end-of-year benchmark. Which data analysis approach is she using?

Running records analysis
Aimline/goal line monitoring with trend comparison (Correct answer)
Error pattern analysis
Portfolio analysis

Correct answer: Aimline/goal line monitoring with trend comparison

Drawing an aimline (goal line) and comparing actual progress data to it allows the teacher to determine if the student is on track to meet the IEP goal.

Question 40: Which Florida state agency serves as the primary interagency partner when an IEP team is planning a student's transition to competitive integrated employment?

Florida Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA)
Florida Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) (Correct answer)
Florida Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ)
Florida Department of Children and Families (DCF)

Correct answer: Florida Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR)

Florida's Division of Vocational Rehabilitation is the primary agency responsible for providing employment preparation and job placement services to individuals with disabilities. VR is a key linkage partner for transition IEP teams targeting competitive integrated employment outcomes.

Question 41: According to IDEA 2004, when RTI data are used as part of a special education eligibility determination, what must schools ensure?

The student must score below the 5th percentile on two consecutive universal screenings
The student must have received at least three years of intervention before evaluation
The evaluation must be completed by a licensed clinical psychologist outside the school
The interventions used were scientific, research-based and implemented with fidelity, and parents were notified and not denied an evaluation (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The interventions used were scientific, research-based and implemented with fidelity, and parents were notified and not denied an evaluation

IDEA 2004 requires that RTI interventions be scientific and research-based, implemented with fidelity, and that parents must be notified — schools cannot use RTI to delay or deny a parent's right to request a full and individual evaluation.

Question 42: A teacher notices that a student's disruptive behavior always occurs during unstructured transitions. What is the MOST proactive intervention?

Move the student to a self-contained classroom to reduce transition demands
Conduct an FBA only after the behavior escalates
Provide a visual schedule and explicit instruction on transition expectations before transitions occur (Correct answer)
Discipline the student more consistently for disruptions during transitions

Correct answer: Provide a visual schedule and explicit instruction on transition expectations before transitions occur

Providing a visual schedule and pre-teaching transition expectations modifies the antecedent conditions, addressing the root cause of the challenging behavior.

Question 43: A teacher is designing a lesson using Universal Design for Learning (UDL). Which action BEST reflects the UDL principle of 'multiple means of representation'?

Presenting information through text, audio recordings, and graphic organizers (Correct answer)
Allowing students to choose how they demonstrate mastery
Providing student choice in topics for independent projects
Offering flexible deadlines for assignments

Correct answer: Presenting information through text, audio recordings, and graphic organizers

Multiple means of representation means providing information in several formats — text, audio, visuals — so all learners can access the content.

Question 44: When selecting assistive technology for a student, the IEP team should FIRST consider:

The availability of technology already in the school
What devices other students with similar diagnoses use
The cost of the device
The student's specific functional needs and how AT can address barriers to learning (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The student's specific functional needs and how AT can address barriers to learning

AT selection must be individualized, starting with an assessment of the student's specific functional limitations and how AT can remove barriers to accessing the curriculum and demonstrating learning.

Question 45: Approximately what percentage of the general student population is expected to have their needs met through Tier 1 (core) instruction alone in a well-implemented RTI model?

95–100%
65–70%
80–85% (Correct answer)
50–60%

Correct answer: 80–85%

A well-implemented Tier 1 program is expected to meet the needs of 80–85% of students, meaning the core curriculum and universal instruction are effective for most learners.

Question 46: The process of requiring students to demonstrate that they have met specified state standards and holding teachers responsible for students' performance is best described as

accountability (Correct answer)
responsibility
integrity
sustainability

Correct answer: accountability

Accountability in education refers to the system where schools, teachers, and students are held responsible for achieving specific educational standards and outcomes. It involves measuring student performance against state standards and using those results to evaluate the effectiveness of educators and programs, ensuring that all parties are answerable for student success.

Question 47: Which of the following BEST describes 'social stories' as a behavioral support strategy?

Written behavior contracts between teacher and student
Group activities where students role-play social scenarios
Short, personalized narratives that describe social situations and appropriate responses to help students understand expected behavior (Correct answer)
Fictional stories used to entertain students during transitions

Correct answer: Short, personalized narratives that describe social situations and appropriate responses to help students understand expected behavior

Social stories, developed by Carol Gray, are individualized narratives that describe a social situation, cues, and appropriate responses to help students — particularly those with autism — understand social expectations.

Question 48: A general education teacher notices that five students in her class are not making adequate progress in reading after 6 weeks of high-quality Tier 1 instruction. According to the RTI model, what should happen next?

The teacher should immediately refer all five students for a special education evaluation
The principal should contact parents to arrange private tutoring outside of school
The teacher should administer a diagnostic assessment and, in collaboration with the problem-solving team, begin targeted Tier 2 interventions (Correct answer)
The students should be retained in the current grade until they reach grade-level benchmarks

Correct answer: The teacher should administer a diagnostic assessment and, in collaboration with the problem-solving team, begin targeted Tier 2 interventions

When students do not respond adequately to Tier 1 instruction, the appropriate RTI step is to conduct diagnostic assessment and move to Tier 2 targeted interventions — a special education referral is premature at this stage.

Question 49: Unless parents and the school district mutually agree it is unnecessary, how frequently must a student in special education be reevaluated under IDEA 2004?

Every year
Every five years
At least every three years (Correct answer)
Every two years

Correct answer: At least every three years

IDEA requires a reevaluation—often called the 'triennial review'—at least once every three years to confirm continued eligibility and current educational needs. With written agreement from both parties, this cycle may be waived.

Question 50: Which accommodation involves changing where a student completes an assessment rather than how it is presented or completed?

Separate testing room (Correct answer)
Calculator use
Extended time
Read-aloud

Correct answer: Separate testing room

A separate testing room is a setting accommodation that changes the environment in which the student completes the assessment, reducing distractions or providing space for other accommodations.

Question 51: A student with ASD has difficulty with abstract language, including metaphors and idioms. A teacher says, 'We need to hit the books!' The student looks confused and distressed. Which teaching strategy BEST addresses this challenge?

Using more complex language to accelerate the student's language development
Avoiding all figurative language in the classroom permanently
Teaching common idioms and figurative language explicitly, using visual supports and concrete examples (Correct answer)
Referring the student for a hearing evaluation

Correct answer: Teaching common idioms and figurative language explicitly, using visual supports and concrete examples

Teaching idioms and figurative language explicitly with visual supports and concrete explanations directly addresses the literal language interpretation common in students with ASD.

Question 52: A student with an emotional behavioral disorder frequently disrupts class by calling out answers without raising her hand. The teacher begins ignoring the call-outs while immediately praising students who raise their hands. Which behavioral principle is the teacher applying?

Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) (Correct answer)
Extinction paired with positive reinforcement
Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)
Negative reinforcement

Correct answer: Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)

DRI involves reinforcing a behavior that is physically incompatible with the problem behavior. Raising a hand cannot occur simultaneously with calling out, making it a true incompatible alternative. Extinction is also present, but the defining strategy being applied is DRI.

Question 53: Which of the following describes the 'TEACCH' structured teaching approach developed for students with ASD?

A structured teaching approach that uses physical organization, visual schedules, work systems, and visual task instructions to support independence (Correct answer)
A play-based therapy focused on emotional development
A token economy system for managing behavior
A purely verbal, discussion-based instructional approach

Correct answer: A structured teaching approach that uses physical organization, visual schedules, work systems, and visual task instructions to support independence

The TEACCH (Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-handicapped CHildren) approach uses structured physical environments, visual schedules, and independent work systems to support students with ASD.

Question 54: Addie, a student with a reading disability, attained benchmark levels in reading fluency and comprehension for her grade level. She was integrated into general education for the entire reading block, and her progress was carefully monitored to ensure that her gains were maintained. This scenario describes which decision-making area?

screening
instructional evaluation
program placement (Correct answer)
program evaluation

Correct answer: program placement

This scenario describes program placement because it details the decision to integrate Addie into the general education setting for reading after she achieved benchmark levels. The subsequent monitoring is crucial to ensure that this new placement is appropriate and that her academic gains are maintained within the less restrictive environment, reflecting a change in her educational program.

Question 55: Which of the following describes an 'interagency agreement' in the context of transition services?

An agreement between two school districts to share special education resources
A legal document signed by the student when they turn 18
A contract between parents and the school about homework completion
A formal agreement between the school district and community agencies (e.g., VR, APD) that outlines each party's responsibility for providing transition services (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A formal agreement between the school district and community agencies (e.g., VR, APD) that outlines each party's responsibility for providing transition services

Interagency agreements are formal documents between the school district and community agencies that define each party's responsibility for providing and funding transition services.

Question 56: Which instructional strategy involves breaking a complex skill into smaller, sequential steps and teaching each step before combining them?

Anchor activities
Task analysis (Correct answer)
Flexible grouping
Curriculum compacting

Correct answer: Task analysis

Task analysis breaks a complex skill into a sequence of smaller, teachable steps — each step is mastered before moving to the next.

Question 57: When a student's IEP specifies 'read-aloud' as an accommodation for assessments, which is the most appropriate implementation?

Allowing any classroom volunteer to read test items aloud to reduce burden on teachers
Using the read-aloud only if the student asks for it during the test
Reading only certain sections at the student's request
Having a trained examiner read all assessment items aloud verbatim as specified in the IEP (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Having a trained examiner read all assessment items aloud verbatim as specified in the IEP

A trained examiner must deliver the read-aloud accommodation consistently and verbatim according to IEP specifications and testing administration guidelines.

Question 58: What is 'video modeling' and why is it particularly effective for students with ASD?

A classroom management strategy using video surveillance
A method for parents to record student behaviors at home
A strategy for teaching academic content through educational videos
A technique in which the student watches a video of a model performing a target skill and then imitates the skill (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A technique in which the student watches a video of a model performing a target skill and then imitates the skill

Video modeling involves having the student watch a video of someone performing a target skill, then imitating it. It is effective for ASD because many students with ASD are strong visual learners and respond well to the predictability of video format.

Question 59: A teacher uses 'differential reinforcement of alternative behavior' (DRA). What does this involve?

Reinforcing the problem behavior on an intermittent schedule to reduce it gradually
Reinforcing a specific alternative behavior that is incompatible with or replaces the problem behavior (Correct answer)
Providing reinforcement on a fixed-ratio schedule for all on-task behaviors
Reinforcing any behavior except the target problem behavior

Correct answer: Reinforcing a specific alternative behavior that is incompatible with or replaces the problem behavior

DRA involves reinforcing a specific, appropriate alternative behavior that can replace the problem behavior, ideally one that serves the same function.

Question 60: Which of the following behaviors is most characteristic of a student with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) as it may relate to an EBD classification?

Withdrawal from social interactions and preference for solitary activities
Consistent academic underperformance across all subjects
Extreme difficulty transitioning between activities and insistence on routine
Persistent pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative behavior, and vindictiveness toward authority figures (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Persistent pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative behavior, and vindictiveness toward authority figures

ODD is characterized by a persistent pattern of defiant, hostile, and deliberately annoying behavior toward authority figures, including angry outbursts, arguing, and vindictiveness.

Question 61: Which of the following describes 'peer-mediated instruction and intervention' (PMII) for students with ASD?

An adult-led small-group social skills class
An approach where trained peers are taught strategies to initiate and sustain interactions with students with ASD in natural settings (Correct answer)
A tutoring program for academic content delivery
A counseling program for students who bully others with disabilities

Correct answer: An approach where trained peers are taught strategies to initiate and sustain interactions with students with ASD in natural settings

In PMII, typically developing peers are trained to initiate interactions, stay engaged, and use specific strategies to support social inclusion of students with ASD in natural classroom and play settings.

Question 62: Which of the following is an example of 'pre-employment transition services' (Pre-ETS) under WIOA?

Adult education programs for individuals with GED goals
Career counseling available to all high school students regardless of disability
Job exploration counseling, work-based learning experiences, and self-advocacy instruction for students ages 14-21 with disabilities (Correct answer)
A job placement service for adults with disabilities after age 25

Correct answer: Job exploration counseling, work-based learning experiences, and self-advocacy instruction for students ages 14-21 with disabilities

Pre-employment transition services under WIOA include job exploration, work-based learning, workplace readiness, self-advocacy training, and counseling on post-secondary education for students ages 14-21 with disabilities.

Question 63: A student with a reading disability benefits most from which low-tech accommodation to access grade-level text?

Text-to-speech software (Correct answer)
Highlighted key vocabulary in the textbook
A peer reading buddy
A graphic organizer for pre-reading

Correct answer: Text-to-speech software

Text-to-speech software allows students with reading disabilities to access written content independently at grade level by converting text to audio.

Question 64: A student with a hearing loss of 71-90 dB is classified in which severity category?

Mild hearing loss
Moderate hearing loss
Severe hearing loss (Correct answer)
Profound hearing loss

Correct answer: Severe hearing loss

Hearing loss of 71-90 dB is classified as severe, meaning the student has significant difficulty hearing most speech sounds and typically requires amplification and/or visual communication supports.

Question 65: A co-teaching team is planning a math lesson. The special education teacher will work with a small group on a modified version of the lesson while the general education teacher leads the class. This is an example of which co-teaching model?

Alternative teaching (Correct answer)
Station teaching
Team teaching
One teach, one observe

Correct answer: Alternative teaching

Alternative teaching involves one teacher working with a small group on different or modified content while the other teaches the larger class.

Question 66: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is an evidence-based approach for students with ASD. Which of the following BEST describes the core principle of ABA?

Using play therapy to develop social emotional competence
Using principles of behavior (reinforcement, prompting, shaping) to systematically increase desired skills and decrease challenging behaviors (Correct answer)
Focusing exclusively on eliminating all repetitive behaviors
Providing a language-based therapy to improve verbal communication only

Correct answer: Using principles of behavior (reinforcement, prompting, shaping) to systematically increase desired skills and decrease challenging behaviors

ABA applies principles such as reinforcement, prompting, shaping, and extinction systematically to increase adaptive skills and decrease challenging behaviors in students with ASD.

Question 67: Which assistive technology is most appropriate for a student with autism spectrum disorder who struggles to communicate verbally in the classroom?

Screen magnification software
Closed captioning on videos
A motorized wheelchair
A speech-generating device or AAC app (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A speech-generating device or AAC app

Speech-generating devices and AAC applications provide students with limited verbal communication a means to express themselves, participate in instruction, and interact socially.

Question 68: Sensory processing difficulties, restricted interests, and insistence on sameness or routines are characteristics often associated with which exceptionality?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (Correct answer)
Dyscalculia
Other Health Impairment (ADHD)
Specific Learning Disability in Written Expression

Correct answer: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Sensory sensitivities, intense/restricted interests, and need for routine and sameness are hallmark characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Question 69: Which instructional approach requires the student to attempt every step of a multi-step task on each trial, with the teacher providing prompts only on steps not yet mastered?

Backward chaining
Discrete trial training
Total task presentation (Correct answer)
Forward chaining

Correct answer: Total task presentation

Total task presentation has the student move through the entire task chain every session, with teacher prompts faded step-by-step as mastery is achieved, rather than focusing on a single isolated step per session.

Question 70: Which approach to conflict resolution between special educators and general educators in a co-teaching partnership is most effective?

Scheduling regular co-planning time to address concerns proactively (Correct answer)
Requesting a different co-teaching partner whenever disagreements arise
Separating responsibilities so each teacher works independently
Deferring all decisions to the administrator to avoid conflict

Correct answer: Scheduling regular co-planning time to address concerns proactively

Regular co-planning time allows co-teachers to build relationships, align instructional approaches, and address concerns before they become significant conflicts.

Question 71: According to PBIS (Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports), what percentage of a school's student population should respond positively to Tier 1 universal supports alone?

Approximately 80–85% (Correct answer)
Approximately 95–100%
Approximately 50–60%
Approximately 65–70%

Correct answer: Approximately 80–85%

The three-tier PBIS model predicts that roughly 80–85% of students will have their behavioral needs met through school-wide Tier 1 universal strategies. Students who do not respond move to more intensive Tier 2 or Tier 3 supports.

Question 72: In a co-teaching model, 'One Teach, One Assist' is most effective when:

Teachers alternate daily who delivers whole-class instruction
Both teachers share equal instructional responsibility throughout the lesson
The special educator pulls out a small group for separate instruction
One teacher leads instruction while the other circulates to provide individual support (Correct answer)

Correct answer: One teacher leads instruction while the other circulates to provide individual support

In One Teach, One Assist, one teacher leads the lesson while the other moves through the room to provide targeted support to students who need it.

Question 73: Which co-teaching model involves the special education teacher working with a small group of students while the general education teacher instructs the larger class?

Team teaching
Alternative teaching (Correct answer)
Parallel teaching
One teach, one assist

Correct answer: Alternative teaching

Alternative teaching involves one teacher working with a smaller group to provide pre-teaching, re-teaching, or enrichment while the other teacher works with the larger group.

Question 74: Which of the following is a defining characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to the DSM-5?

Attention deficits and hyperactivity as the primary presenting features
Primary difficulty with reading decoding and phonological awareness
Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, and restricted/repetitive patterns of behavior (Correct answer)
Significant intellectual disability in all cases

Correct answer: Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, and restricted/repetitive patterns of behavior

The DSM-5 defines ASD by two core diagnostic criteria: persistent deficits in social communication/interaction AND restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.

Question 75: A teacher uses a token economy system in her classroom. Which of the following BEST describes this system?

Tokens are removed from students when they misbehave as a form of punishment
Students are given tokens randomly to encourage positive classroom culture
Students earn tokens for demonstrating target behaviors, which they later exchange for preferred rewards (Correct answer)
Students earn tokens based on academic performance only

Correct answer: Students earn tokens for demonstrating target behaviors, which they later exchange for preferred rewards

In a token economy, students earn tokens (conditioned reinforcers) for target behaviors and later exchange them for backup reinforcers (preferred items, activities, or privileges).

Question 76: Under IDEA's 'stay-put' provision, where must a student with a disability remain during the pendency of a due process hearing?

An interim alternative educational setting
Their current educational placement (Correct answer)
A separate special education facility
Home

Correct answer: Their current educational placement

The 'stay-put' provision of IDEA requires that a student remain in their current educational placement during the pendency of any due process hearing, unless the parent and district agree otherwise or a court orders a change.

Question 77: Which communication support is MOST commonly used with non-verbal or minimally verbal students with ASD?

Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems, including PECS, speech-generating devices, or communication apps (Correct answer)
Lip-reading training
Whisper phones for one-on-one communication
Sign language as the exclusive communication method

Correct answer: Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems, including PECS, speech-generating devices, or communication apps

AAC systems — including PECS, speech-generating devices, and communication apps — provide non-verbal and minimally verbal students with ASD accessible means to communicate.

Question 78: Which progress monitoring tool is most widely used in RTI models to track student growth in reading?

Norm-referenced standardized achievement tests
Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) (Correct answer)
Anecdotal observation records
Portfolio assessments

Correct answer: Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM)

Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) is the most widely researched and used progress monitoring approach in RTI because it is brief, sensitive to growth, and administered frequently.

Question 79: A student with ASD has a strong special interest in trains. Which instructional strategy BEST uses this interest to promote learning?

Embedding train-related content into academic tasks (e.g., math word problems about trains, reading passages about railroad history) (Correct answer)
Referring the student to the school counselor to address the special interest
Prohibiting discussion of trains during instruction to reduce obsession
Allowing the student to only work on train-related activities all day

Correct answer: Embedding train-related content into academic tasks (e.g., math word problems about trains, reading passages about railroad history)

Embedding the student's special interest into academic tasks increases motivation and engagement while addressing IEP goals — a research-supported strategy for students with ASD.

Question 80: An IEP goal states: 'By May 1, the student will correctly solve 2-digit addition problems with regrouping at a rate of 20 correct digits per minute with 90% accuracy across 3 consecutive probes.' What type of goal is this?

A vague, unmeasurable goal
A measurable, criterion-based IEP goal (Correct answer)
A standard general education benchmark
A post-secondary transition goal

Correct answer: A measurable, criterion-based IEP goal

This goal includes all elements of a measurable IEP goal: target skill, performance criteria (rate and accuracy), and consistency requirement (3 consecutive probes).

Question 81: In Florida, which document specifies the special education and related services, accommodations, and modifications a student with a disability will receive?

504 Plan
Individualized Education Program (IEP) (Correct answer)
Evaluation Summary Report
Response to Intervention (RTI) plan

Correct answer: Individualized Education Program (IEP)

The IEP is the legally binding document under IDEA that specifies all special education services, related services, accommodations, modifications, goals, and placement for a student with a qualifying disability.

Question 82: Confidentiality of student records for students with disabilities is governed by which federal law?

Both IDEA and FERPA (Correct answer)
IDEA only
FERPA only
The ADA Amendments Act

Correct answer: Both IDEA and FERPA

Both IDEA and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) protect the confidentiality of education records for students with disabilities.

Question 83: When collaborating with general education teachers, the ESE teacher's primary role is to:

Supervise the classroom while the general educator plans lessons
Provide expertise in disability-related strategies to support all students (Correct answer)
Manage behavior issues so the general educator can focus on content
Take full responsibility for the student with disabilities during co-taught classes

Correct answer: Provide expertise in disability-related strategies to support all students

The ESE teacher brings expertise in differentiation, accommodations, and disability-specific strategies that benefit both students with disabilities and their peers.

Question 84: A student with a hearing impairment uses an FM system in the classroom. This device works by:

Transmitting the teacher's voice directly to the student's hearing aid or receiver, reducing background noise (Correct answer)
Converting sign language to spoken words for the teacher
Providing real-time captioning of all classroom speech on a screen
Amplifying all sounds in the room equally for the student

Correct answer: Transmitting the teacher's voice directly to the student's hearing aid or receiver, reducing background noise

An FM system transmits the teacher's voice via a microphone directly to a receiver worn by the student, significantly improving signal-to-noise ratio and speech clarity.

Question 85: Which behavior management approach emphasizes teaching students to observe and record their own behavior to increase self-regulation?

Token economy
Overcorrection
Differential reinforcement
Self-monitoring (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Self-monitoring

Self-monitoring teaches students to observe, record, and evaluate their own behavior, building metacognitive awareness and self-regulation skills that can generalize across settings.

Question 86: A student's progress monitoring data shows a flat trend line despite 6 weeks of instruction. According to data-based decision-making protocols, what should the teacher do?

Continue the current instruction for at least 6 more weeks before making changes
Review and modify the instructional approach, considering more intensive or differentiated strategies (Correct answer)
Discontinue progress monitoring until the student catches up
Refer the student for a more restrictive placement immediately

Correct answer: Review and modify the instructional approach, considering more intensive or differentiated strategies

A flat trend line over 6 weeks indicates the current instruction is not producing growth, and the teacher should analyze the data and modify the instructional approach.

Question 87: A parent disagrees with the IEP team's decision regarding their child's placement. Under IDEA, what recourse does the parent have?

They may request mediation, file for a due process hearing, or file a state complaint (Correct answer)
They must wait until the annual IEP review to raise concerns
They can only appeal to the school principal
They must accept the team's decision, as professionals are better qualified to make placement decisions

Correct answer: They may request mediation, file for a due process hearing, or file a state complaint

IDEA's procedural safeguards give parents the right to request mediation, due process hearings, and state complaints when they disagree with IEP decisions.

Question 88: Which federal legislation, in addition to IDEA, most directly impacts post-secondary employment outcomes for people with disabilities?

Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) (Correct answer)
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
No Child Left Behind (NCLB)

Correct answer: Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)

WIOA (Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act) mandates coordination between schools and vocational rehabilitation to improve post-secondary employment outcomes, emphasizing competitive integrated employment.

Question 89: A student with an emotional/behavioral disorder engages in self-injurious behavior (SIB). Which of the following is the MOST critical first step in addressing this behavior?

Immediately implement a response cost system
Place the student in a more restrictive environment as a safety measure
Conduct a Functional Behavior Assessment to identify the function of the SIB before designing an intervention (Correct answer)
Apply physical restraint each time the behavior occurs

Correct answer: Conduct a Functional Behavior Assessment to identify the function of the SIB before designing an intervention

Conducting an FBA to identify the function of SIB is the essential first step, as the intervention must match the function to be effective and ethical.

Question 90: A parent asks the special education teacher to explain their child's eligibility category and what it means for their daily instruction. The MOST appropriate response is to:

Decline to discuss eligibility categories, as this is the school psychologist's role
Explain the eligibility category in plain language and connect it to specific instructional supports in the IEP (Correct answer)
Direct the parent to read the evaluation report independently
Provide a handout without verbal explanation

Correct answer: Explain the eligibility category in plain language and connect it to specific instructional supports in the IEP

Explaining eligibility categories in plain language and connecting them to specific IEP supports helps parents understand how their child's needs are being addressed.

Question 91: What is the primary purpose of curriculum-based measurement (CBM) in ESE assessment?

To determine IQ scores
To classify students into disability categories
To replace standardized normative assessments
To monitor student progress over time in the curriculum (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To monitor student progress over time in the curriculum

CBM is a progress monitoring tool used to track student growth in key academic areas over time, helping teachers adjust instruction based on data.

Question 92: Under IDEA 2004, what event triggers the requirement for an IEP team to conduct a Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) if one has not previously been completed?

The student transfers from a school in another district
The student with a disability faces a disciplinary change of placement (Correct answer)
The student fails to meet two consecutive IEP behavioral objectives
The student receives three or more office referrals within a single grading period

Correct answer: The student with a disability faces a disciplinary change of placement

IDEA mandates an FBA when a disciplinary removal constitutes a change of placement (more than 10 consecutive school days or a pattern of shorter removals). The FBA findings then guide development of a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP).

Question 93: In the ABC model of behavior analysis, what does 'A' stand for?

Assessment
Action
Achievement
Antecedent (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Antecedent

In behavior analysis, 'A' stands for Antecedent — the event, condition, or stimulus that precedes and may trigger the behavior.

Question 94: Under Florida ESE rules, within how many days must parents receive a copy of the Evaluation Summary Report (ESR) prior to the eligibility meeting?

10 days
2 days
15 days
5 days (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 5 days

Florida rules require that parents receive a copy of the Evaluation Summary Report at least 5 days before the eligibility meeting, giving them adequate time to review the findings.

Question 95: Under IDEA, assistive technology (AT) devices and services must be considered for every student with a disability during the IEP process because:

AT is required for all students receiving special education services
The IEP team must consider whether the student needs AT to receive FAPE (Correct answer)
Federal law mandates that all students with disabilities use some form of AT
AT devices are provided at no cost to all families under IDEA

Correct answer: The IEP team must consider whether the student needs AT to receive FAPE

IDEA requires IEP teams to consider whether each student needs assistive technology devices and services to receive a free appropriate public education.

Question 96: A parent believes the school district's psychoeducational evaluation was flawed. Which right does IDEA explicitly guarantee to that parent?

The right to block the IEP team from meeting until a new evaluation is ordered
The right to select the district's evaluator for all future assessments
The right to have the evaluation automatically invalidated by the state education agency
The right to request an Independent Educational Evaluation at public expense (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The right to request an Independent Educational Evaluation at public expense

Under IDEA, parents who disagree with a district's evaluation may request an Independent Educational Evaluation (IEE) at public expense. The district must either fund the IEE or initiate a due process hearing to defend the adequacy of its own evaluation.

Question 97: A 17-year-old student with an intellectual disability wants to work in a grocery store. Which transition service would MOST directly support this goal?

Referral to the school counselor for college application assistance
Enrollment in an advanced placement academic program
A community-based work experience at a local grocery store with job coach support (Correct answer)
Placement in a self-contained classroom to develop prerequisite skills

Correct answer: A community-based work experience at a local grocery store with job coach support

A community-based work experience with job coaching directly prepares the student for the specific employment goal in a real-world setting.

Question 98: Which Florida assessment accommodation allows a student with a visual impairment to receive test materials in an enlarged format?

Extended time
Large print (Correct answer)
Scribe
Oral response

Correct answer: Large print

Large print is a standard accommodation for students with visual impairments, allowing them to access print materials in an enlarged format without altering the content being assessed.

Question 99: For a student with dyscalculia, which accommodation is most directly aligned with their specific disability-related need during math assessments?

Preferential seating near the teacher
Use of a number line or multiplication chart (Correct answer)
Extended time only
Read-aloud of all text

Correct answer: Use of a number line or multiplication chart

Number lines and multiplication charts serve as memory aids that directly address the difficulty students with dyscalculia have with number sense and mathematical fact retrieval.

Question 100: Which of the following is an example of a 'content modification' for a student with a significant cognitive disability?

Giving the student extra time on the same grade-level test
Teaching the same topic using real objects and functional, life-skills based activities (Correct answer)
Providing a quiet testing environment
Allowing the student to use a calculator

Correct answer: Teaching the same topic using real objects and functional, life-skills based activities

Teaching using real objects and functional activities represents a content modification — the complexity and scope of what is expected from the student is adjusted.

FTCE Exceptional Student Education K-12 Exam

The Florida Teacher Certification Exam (FTCE) for Exceptional Student Education K-12 tests prospective ESE teachers on legal and ethical foundations, characteristics of exceptionalities, IEP development, curriculum modification, behavior intervention, assistive technology, assessment, transition planning, and family involvement.

100

Questions

150 min

Time Limit

70%

To Pass

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