Constitutional Law & Civil Rights Flashcards

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employment discrimination based on:

Answer: Race, color, religion, sex, and national origin

Title VII covers race, color, religion, sex, and national origin.

Title VII generally covers private employers with at least how many employees?

Answer: 15

Title VII applies to employers with 15 or more employees.

Under the ADA, an employer must provide a reasonable accommodation to a qualified individual with a disability unless it:

Answer: Would cause undue hardship

The ADA requires reasonable accommodation absent undue hardship to the employer.

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act protects workers who are at least:

Answer: 40 years old

The ADEA protects individuals aged 40 and older.

Under Executive Order 12968, eligibility for access to classified information may NOT be determined on the basis of:

Answer: Race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or sexual orientation

EO 12968 bars clearance decisions based on those protected characteristics, and requires decisions based on adjudicative guidelines.

An employee who files a discrimination charge and is then demoted for it has most likely experienced:

Answer: Retaliation, which Title VII prohibits

Title VII prohibits retaliation against employees who engage in protected activity such as filing a charge.

Why may a cleared contractor lawfully limit classified-access positions to U.S. citizens despite anti-discrimination law?

Answer: Because federal law and NISPOM rules restrict clearance eligibility to U.S. citizens, with narrow exceptions

Clearance eligibility is generally limited to U.S. citizens by law and regulation, so such restrictions are legally required.