PRC Research Design & Methodology

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of a literature review in research design?

Accepted Answer

To identify research gaps and provide a theoretical foundation

Answer

The primary purpose of a literature review in research design is to systematically examine existing scholarly works to identify what is already known about a topic. This process helps to pinpoint gaps in current knowledge, establish a theoretical framework for the new study, and justify the need for further research.

Question 2

What is the purpose of random sampling in research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure every participant has an equal chance of being selected

Answer

Random sampling is a fundamental technique in research designed to create a representative sample from a larger population. By giving every participant an equal chance of selection, it minimizes bias and increases the generalizability of the study's findings. This method helps ensure that the sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the population, making the research results more reliable and valid.

Question 3

What is a hypothesis in research design?

Accepted Answer

A testable prediction about variables

Answer

A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in a research study. It serves as an educated guess that guides the research design and data collection. Researchers then collect empirical evidence to either support or refute this prediction, contributing to scientific knowledge.

Question 4

What type of research method involves manipulating one variable to observe its effect on another variable?

Accepted Answer

Experimental research

Answer

Experimental research is characterized by the manipulation of an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable. This method allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships by controlling other factors. It typically involves random assignment to experimental and control groups, ensuring that any observed differences are due to the manipulated variable.

Question 5

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research focuses on depth, while quantitative focuses on numerical analysis

Answer

Qualitative research aims to explore complex phenomena in depth, focusing on understanding experiences, perspectives, and meanings through non-numerical data like interviews or observations. In contrast, quantitative research focuses on measuring and analyzing numerical data to identify patterns, test hypotheses, and generalize findings. The key distinction lies in their approach to data: depth and understanding versus breadth and measurement.

(PRC) Professional Researcher Certification Practice Test

(PRC) Professional Researcher Certification Practice Test

PRC Research Design & Methodology