FREE NCLEX-RN Basic Care & Comfort Questions and Answers

Question 1

A patient with primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) is receiving education from the nurse regarding dietary and nutritional adjustments necessary to manage the client's condition. Which of the following statements made by the patient would suggest that the nurse's recommendations were successful?

Accepted Answer

I should increase sodium and fluids, but limit potassium.

Answer

Patients with Addison's disease have primary adrenal insufficiency, leading to decreased aldosterone production. This hormonal imbalance results in hyponatremia (low sodium), hyperkalemia (high potassium), and fluid volume deficit. Therefore, increasing sodium and fluids helps correct these deficits, while limiting potassium prevents further hyperkalemia, making the patient's statement correct.

Question 2

Which positioning is ideal for the client before to a soap suds enema?

Accepted Answer

Sims

Answer

The Sims position, where the patient lies on their left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up, is the ideal positioning for a soap suds enema. This position allows gravity to assist the flow of the enema solution into the descending colon and rectum. It also helps to relax the anal sphincter, making the procedure more comfortable and effective for the client.

Question 3

The nurse is giving advice to a patient who will soon undergo surgery to remove a descending colostomy. What kind of stools might the patient anticipate following surgery?

Accepted Answer

Semi-formed to formed

Answer

A descending colostomy is located in the descending colon, which is the most distal part of the large intestine where significant water absorption occurs. After the removal of a descending colostomy and restoration of bowel continuity, the patient can anticipate stools that are semi-formed to formed. This is because the stool has had ample time to solidify as it passes through the majority of the colon.

Question 4

Which step is most appropriate when providing postmortem care for a patient who will donate an eye?

Accepted Answer

Cover the eyes with saline-soaked pads and place the patient in a low Fowler's position.

Answer

When providing postmortem care for a patient who will donate an eye, it is crucial to maintain the integrity and moisture of the corneas. Covering the eyes with saline-soaked pads helps prevent drying and damage to the delicate tissues. Placing the patient in a low Fowler's position can help reduce blood pooling in the head, which is generally recommended for postmortem care, without compromising the eyes.

Question 5

A nasogastric (NG) tube is used by one of the nurse's patients to provide medications and for tube feedings. Which nursing intervention is suitable for this patient's care?

Accepted Answer

Check the area where the tape is applied qd.

Answer

When a patient has a nasogastric (NG) tube, it is essential to regularly assess the skin integrity around the tape application site daily (qd). This intervention helps prevent skin irritation, breakdown, or pressure injuries that can result from constant pressure and moisture under the tape. Proper skin care ensures patient comfort and prevents complications related to the NG tube.

RN - Registered Nurse Practice Test

RN - Registered Nurse Practice Test

FREE NCLEX-RN Basic Care & Comfort Questions and Answers