Free Medical Surgical Nurse Questions and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The client's wound dehisces days after abdominal surgery. When this happens, the most secure nursing solution is to
- Approximate the wound edges with tapes
- Cover the wound with sterile, moist saline dressing (Correct answer)
- Irrigate the wound with sterile saline
- Hold the abdominal contents in place with a sterile gloved hand
Correct answer: Cover the wound with sterile, moist saline dressing
The edges of a surgical wound may partially or completely separate. The patient is then placed in the low Fowler's posture and told to lie quietly. The wound must be covered to prevent exposure, and the dressing must be sterile to guard against infection and moist to avoid sticking to the skin and impeding the healing process.
Question 2: In order to control the bleeding of esophageal varices in a patient with complicated liver cirrhosis, a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is implanted. After the tube is placed, the customer complains of breathing problems. The nurse's initial step is to:
- Monitor VS
- Encourage him to take deep breaths
- Encourage him to take deep breaths Deflate the esophageal balloon (Correct answer)
- Notify the MD
Correct answer: Encourage him to take deep breaths Deflate the esophageal balloon
When a patient with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube experiences breathing problems, it suggests the tube is misplaced and the inflated balloon is obstructing the airway in the oropharynx.
Question 3: A renal calculus is found in Don, age 35, according to an intravenous pyelogram. It is thought that he possesses a little stone that will pass on its own. The nurse would advise the client to push fluids and to move around to maximize the likelihood of the stone passing.
- Ambulate (Correct answer)
- Strain all urine.
- Ask for medications to relax him.
- Remain on bed rest.
Correct answer: Ambulate
Increased fluid intake will help wash the stone out during urination and can help mobilize free, unattached stones in the urinary tract so they can be flushed out with the urine.
Question 4: The client correctly describes how to lower the risk of colon cancer when he says:
- “I will include more red meat in my diet.”
- “I will exercise daily.”
- “I will include more fresh fruits and vegetables in my diet.” (Correct answer)
- “I will have an annual chest x-ray.”
Correct answer: “I will include more fresh fruits and vegetables in my diet.”
The development of cancer may be influenced by a variety of dietary and nutritional factors. A low-fiber diet hinders the transit of substances through the gut, which has been associated to colorectal cancer, such as when fresh fruits and vegetables are scarce or absent from the diet.
Question 5: At nine in the morning, a patient leaves the recovery area aware, conscious, and IV-infused. His respirations are 20 and his blood pressure is 120/80, all of which are within the normal range. His vital signs are stable around 10 and 11 in the morning. However, by lunchtime, his heart rate is 94, his blood pressure is 116/74, and his breathing rate is 24. Which nursing intervention is most suitable?
- Notify his physician.
- Place the patient in shock position.
- Take his vital signs again in an hour.
- Take his vital signs again in 15 minutes. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Take his vital signs again in 15 minutes.
Following surgery, monitoring the patient's vital signs provides the nurse with reliable information about the patient's condition. During this time, complications from the operation, the anesthesia, or a combination of the two may happen. The nurse can start actions to stop complications from happening by closely monitoring changes in the VS and validating them.
Question 6: A patient is being examined for colon cancer. The nurse should: when preparing the patient for a barium enema
- Instruct the client to swallow 6 radiopaque tablets the evening before the study
- Give laxative the night before and a cleansing enema in the morning before the test (Correct answer)
- Place the client on CBR a day before the study
- Render an oil retention enema and give laxative the night before
Correct answer: Give laxative the night before and a cleansing enema in the morning before the test
The radiologic imaging of the colon using a die is known as a barium enema. The bowels must be cleared of feces before this technique may produce appropriate findings, necessitating the use of laxatives and enema.
Question 7: Because of bone metastases from his malignancy, Mr. Banny experiences ongoing agony. Even with pain medicine, he is unwilling to move. The nurse ought to prepare to:
- Handle him gently when assisting with required care (Correct answer)
- Let him perform his own activities of daily living
- Reassure him that the nurses will not hurt him
- Complete A.M. care quickly as possible when necessary
Correct answer: Handle him gently when assisting with required care
Cancer and bone metastases patients suffer from excruciating pain, especially when they move. Bone tumors make the bone so fragile that routine activities and even little changes in position can cause a fracture. The patient needs to be supported and handled delicately while receiving nursing care.
Free Medical Surgical Nurse Questions and Answers
The client's wound dehisces days after abdominal surgery.
When this happens, the most secure nursing solution is to