CVT Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
- Right atrium
- Left atrium (Correct answer)
- Right ventricle
- Left ventricle
Correct answer: Left atrium
The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins coming from the lungs.
Question 2: What is the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?
- Stimulates ventricular contraction
- Acts as the heart’s pacemaker (Correct answer)
- Controls blood pressure
- Connects atria to ventricles
Correct answer: Acts as the heart’s pacemaker
The SA node is the heart’s natural pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses that cause the heart to beat.
Question 3: Which valve prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium?
- Tricuspid valve
- Pulmonary valve
- Aortic valve
- Mitral valve (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Mitral valve
The mitral valve (also known as the bicuspid valve) prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts.
Question 4: What structure separates the left and right sides of the heart?
- Atrium
- Ventricle
- Septum (Correct answer)
- Chordae tendineae
Correct answer: Septum
The septum is a muscular wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart to prevent the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Question 5: Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
- Pulmonary vein
- Aorta
- Pulmonary artery (Correct answer)
- Superior vena cava
Correct answer: Pulmonary artery
The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood, transporting it from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Question 6: Which layer of the heart is responsible for contraction?
- Endocardium
- Pericardium
- Myocardium (Correct answer)
- Epicardium
Correct answer: Myocardium
The myocardium is the thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall responsible for contracting and pumping blood.
CVT Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?