CPWM Waste Treatment Technologies & Disposal Methods

Question 1

Which technology generates methane‑rich biogas from biodegradable waste?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic digestion

Answer

Aerated static pile composting

Answer

Chemical oxidation

Answer

Windrow composting

Question 2

For efficient composting, the optimal carbon‑to‑nitrogen (C:N) ratio is approximately:

Accepted Answer

25–30:1

Answer

10:1

Answer

50:1

Answer

5:1

Question 3

The PRIMARY function of a composite liner in a sanitary landfill is to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent leachate from reaching groundwater

Answer

Increase settlement of waste layers

Answer

Capture landfill gas exclusively

Answer

Support heavy equipment traffic

Question 4

High‑temperature rotary kiln incinerators are BEST suited to treat:

Accepted Answer

Hazardous organic liquids and sludges

Answer

Yard trimmings

Answer

Glass cullet

Answer

Mixed recyclables

Question 5

Steam autoclaving is a disinfection method MOST commonly applied to:

Accepted Answer

Infectious medical waste

Answer

Scrap metal

Answer

Construction debris

Answer

Spent solvents

Question 6

After combustion in a mass‑burn waste‑to‑energy facility, the main solid residue requiring management is:

Accepted Answer

Bottom ash and fly ash

Answer

Leachate

Answer

Compost

Answer

Biogas digestate

Question 7

Stabilization/solidification of hazardous waste primarily aims to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce contaminant leachability

Answer

Increase biodegradability

Answer

Enhance calorific value

Answer

Decrease pH dramatically

Question 8

Solar evaporation ponds are MOST appropriately used to manage:

Accepted Answer

Brine or saline wastewater

Answer

Municipal solid waste

Answer

Household recyclables

Answer

Biomedical sharps

Question 9

Deep‑well injection is generally permitted for which waste type?

Accepted Answer

Compatible non‑hazardous liquid waste

Answer

Radioactive waste

Answer

Household sharps

Answer

Municipal solid waste