CPR Techniques 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: When deciding which treatments to prioritize in a situation involving multiple victims, the following order of consideration is used:
- Mental status, breathing, circulation.
- Circulation, mental status, breathing.
- Circulation, breathing, mental status.
- Breathing, circulation, mental status. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Breathing, circulation, mental status.
When a newborn does not start breathing on its own, the initial step is to gently stimulate the infant to encourage respiration. This can be done by rubbing the infant's back or gently tapping their feet. Immediate CPR or rescue breathing is typically reserved for situations where stimulation fails and the infant remains unresponsive or apneic.
Question 2: Which of these positions best describes how a victim is typically examined quickly, from head to toe?
- Prone
- The position in which the victim was found (Correct answer)
- Supine
- Recovery
Correct answer: The position in which the victim was found
An unconscious victim should generally not be moved unless there is an immediate threat to their life or the rescuer's safety, or if moving is essential to provide life-saving treatment. This includes situations where the original location is dangerous or prevents necessary medical intervention. Therefore, all the listed reasons justify moving an unconscious victim.
Question 3: When a baby is born and does not start breathing on its own, the person assisting with the birth should:
- Immediately begin CPR.
- Pick the infant up by its feet and slap it on its buttocks.
- Rub the infant's back or tap the infant's feet to stimulate breathing. (Correct answer)
- Immediately begin rescue breathing.
Correct answer: Rub the infant's back or tap the infant's feet to stimulate breathing.
When moving an unconscious victim, especially if a spinal injury is suspected, it is crucial to maintain spinal alignment and minimize movement of the head and neck. Keeping the victim's head and shoulders as close to the ground as possible helps to achieve this, reducing the risk of further injury to the spinal cord. Moving slowly and supporting the entire body are also important considerations.
Question 4: If an unconscious victim is discovered, they should only be removed from the location if:
- The original location places the victim or officer in imminent danger.
- The victim's original position makes it inconvenient for the officer to do a secondary survey.
- All of the above. (Correct answer)
- None of the above; an unconscious victim should never be moved under any conditions.
Correct answer: All of the above.
For a victim with a suspected spinal cord injury, the Jaw-thrust maneuver is the preferred method for opening the airway. Unlike the Head-tilt chin-lift maneuver, the jaw-thrust technique avoids extending the neck, thereby minimizing movement of the cervical spine and reducing the risk of further spinal cord damage.
Question 5: If a peace officer has to move an unconscious victim, they ought to do the following:
- Keep the victim's head and shoulders as close as possible to the ground. (Correct answer)
- Move the victim as slowly as possible.
- Move the victim by pulling on the arm and leg on one side to limit strain on the head and torso.
- All of the above.
Correct answer: Keep the victim's head and shoulders as close as possible to the ground.
If a victim is able to speak or cough, it indicates that air is still moving through their airway, even if partially obstructed. This signifies a partial airway obstruction, as a complete obstruction would prevent any vocalization or effective coughing. This distinction is crucial for determining the appropriate intervention.
Question 6: What airway opening technique should be applied to a victim who may have had a spinal cord injury?
- Neck extension maneuver
- Jaw-thrust maneuver (Correct answer)
- Head-tilt chin-lift maneuver
- Chin tilt maneuver
Correct answer: Jaw-thrust maneuver
During standard adult CPR, the compression-to-breath ratio is typically 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This cycle is repeated continuously until professional medical help arrives, the victim shows signs of life, or the rescuer is too exhausted to continue. The two breaths are given after each set of compressions.
Question 7: A peace officer may assume that a victim who describes himself as choking but is still able to speak or cough is suffering from a partial airway obstruction.
- TRUE (Correct answer)
- FALSE
Correct answer: TRUE
CPR should not be stopped after a fixed time, such as two minutes, if the victim remains unresponsive and no other help has arrived. Resuscitation efforts should continue without interruption until professional medical personnel take over, the victim shows clear signs of life, or the rescuer becomes physically unable to continue.
CPR Techniques 1
When deciding which treatments to prioritize in a situation involving multiple victims, the following order of consideration is used: