FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions and Answers

Question 1

When Dervid realized that the elderly woman's leg was

Accepted Answer

Shortened, Adducted and Externally Rotated

Answer

The classic presentation of a hip fracture, especially an extracapsular fracture, involves the affected leg appearing shortened, adducted (pulled inward), and externally rotated. This characteristic positioning is due to muscle spasms pulling the fractured bone fragments into this specific alignment. Recognizing these signs is essential for prompt diagnosis and management of a hip injury.

Question 2

The elderly woman laments her suffering. John saw that the knee was swelled, reddish, and warm to the touch. According to John, these symptoms and indicators are probably connected to:

Accepted Answer

Infammation

Answer

The symptoms described—swelling, redness, and warmth to the touch—are the cardinal signs of inflammation (tumor, rubor, calor). These physical findings indicate a localized protective response to injury or infection, characterized by increased blood flow and fluid accumulation in the affected area. While infection can cause inflammation, inflammation itself is the direct physiological process manifesting these specific signs.

Question 3

The nurse cares for a patient diagnosed sickle cell anemia.  The patient queries the nurse about signs that might indicate a crisis. Which among the following does not indicate a sickle cell crisis?

Accepted Answer

Blurred vision

Answer

Common signs and symptoms of an acute sickle cell crisis include severe pain (due to vaso-occlusion), fever (indicating infection or inflammatory response), and shortness of breath (often from acute chest syndrome or severe anemia). While sickle cell disease can eventually lead to ocular complications, blurred vision is not typically an immediate or primary indicator of an acute sickle cell crisis. The other options represent urgent manifestations requiring prompt attention.

Question 4

The principal goal of treatment for acute glomerulonephritis is to maintain fluid balance.

Accepted Answer

Joints

Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), particularly post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN), is an immune-mediated kidney disease often following a streptococcal infection. While AGN primarily affects the kidneys, streptococcal infections can also lead to other systemic complications like rheumatic fever, which is characterized by inflammation and pain in the joints. Therefore, joint involvement can be an associated finding in the broader context of streptococcal-related diseases that can also cause AGN.

Question 5

What signs and symptoms accompany tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Chest pain, or pain with breathing or coughing. Unintentional weight loss. Fatigue. Fever. Night sweats. Chills.

Answer

The symptoms listed—chest pain with breathing/coughing, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, fever, night sweats, and chills—are classic indicators of active pulmonary tuberculosis. These signs reflect the chronic inflammatory and destructive processes occurring in the lungs and the body's systemic response to the mycobacterial infection. The other options describe symptoms of unrelated conditions.

CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions and Answers