CLEP Biology Genetics & Biological Diversity

Question 1

What is the role of DNA in genetic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

It stores and transmits genetic information

Answer

It provides energy for cell processes.

Answer

It breaks down nutrients.

Answer

It forms cell membranes.

Question 2

Which of the following best defines a gene?

Accepted Answer

A sequence of DNA coding for a trait

Answer

A type of cell.

Answer

A structure in the cell nucleus.

Answer

A mutation in a chromosome.

Question 3

How does meiosis contribute to genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

By reducing chromosome number and introducing variation

Answer

By producing identical cells.

Answer

By increasing cell size.

Answer

By eliminating mutations.

Question 4

What is a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The observable traits of an organism

Answer

The genetic makeup of an organism.

Answer

The mutation in DNA.

Answer

The environment of the organism.

Question 5

Which process results in the formation of gametes?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Replication

Question 6

What does homozygous mean in terms of alleles?

Accepted Answer

Two identical alleles

Answer

Two different alleles

Answer

A mutated allele

Answer

No alleles present

Question 7

What is genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

Random changes in allele frequencies

Answer

Natural selection of traits

Answer

Artificial selection by humans

Answer

Gene transfer through mating

Question 8

What is the significance of a Punnett square?

Accepted Answer

To predict genetic cross outcomes

Answer

To study cell division.

Answer

To determine the species of an organism.

Answer

To analyze evolutionary history.

Question 9

Which term refers to an organism’s complete set of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Genome

Answer

Phenotype

Answer

Karyotype

Answer

Genotype