FREE Cardiac-Vascular Nursing MCQ Questions and Answers
The cardiac-vascular nurse notices a pattern of excessive calorie intake on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday nights after studying the patient's four-week diet history. The patient claims that their spouse has recently begun attending a nearby university for a night class on those evenings. According to the patient's diet history:
Explanation:
The patient's pattern of high calorie intake on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday nights in response to their spouse's night class schedule is an example of an individual coping behavior.
The following ejection fraction of a patient who underwent percutaneous, transluminal coronary angioplasty four weeks ago is 30%. The patient makes a follow-up appointment. An examination demonstrates mild pedal edema and clean lungs upon auscultation. Digoxin (Lanoxin), furosemide (Lasix), enalapril maleate (Vasotec), and aspirin are the patient's current meds. The patient claims to have put on 5 lbs (2.27 kg) in the last two days. The first step taken by the cardiac-vascular nurse is to:
Explanation:
The cardiac-vascular nurse's initial action upon learning that a patient who underwent a percutaneous, transluminal coronary angioplasty four weeks ago has a subsequent ejection fraction of 30% and presents with slight pedal edema, clear lungs, a 5-lb (2.27-kg) weight gain over the past two days, and medications of digoxin (Lanoxin), furosemide (Lasix), enalapril maleate (Vasotec), and aspirin is to inquire about the patient's medication compliance.
A patient's supine position during examination reveals jugular veins that are enlarged from the base of the neck to the angle of the jaw. This result suggests:
Explanation:
The finding of distended jugular veins in a patient in a supine position is a classic sign of increased central venous pressure (CVP). This is because when the CVP is elevated, it causes blood to back up into the veins, including the jugular veins in the neck, which are close to the right atrium of the heart.
A cardiac-vascular nurse gives an individual who experienced a myocardial infarction a review of suggested exercises. The client claims, "What I do or don't do is unimportant. Either I grow better, or I pass away." This assertion shows:
Explanation:
The statement "It doesn't really matter what I do or don't do. I will either get better or die" made by the patient who sustained a myocardial infarction reflects feelings of loss of control. The patient may be feeling overwhelmed and helpless after experiencing a serious health event such as a heart attack.
A patient receiving outpatient cardiac rehabilitation for ten weeks still shows signs of despair. The cardiac-vascular nurse includes the following in the discharge plan she creates:
Explanation:
When developing a discharge plan for a patient in cardiac rehabilitation who is experiencing symptoms of depression, the cardiac-vascular nurse may include a referral for counseling and possible medication as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.
A patient in a research study says they no longer want the medication as the cardio-vascular nurse gets ready to give them an experimental heart medication. The patient is informed by the nurse that:
Explanation:
Yes, that is correct. Patients who participate in research studies have the right to refuse medication and to withdraw from the study at any time without fear of reprisal. The nurse should inform the patient of this right and document the refusal in the patient's medical record. The nurse should also inform the study's principal investigator or sponsor of the patient's refusal and withdrawal from the study.
The cardiac-vascular nurse gives the following instructions to a patient who has intermittent claudication:
Explanation:
Intermittent claudication is a condition characterized by pain or cramping in the legs, typically during exercise, due to decreased blood flow to the muscles. Exercise can help improve blood flow and alleviate symptoms, so the cardiac-vascular nurse may advise the patient to walk as tolerated.