BCG Chronic Illness & Disease Management — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which chronic condition is most commonly associated with vision loss in older adults?
- Glaucoma
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Cataracts
- Age-related macular degeneration (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of central vision loss in elderly individuals.
Question 2: What is a key management strategy for older adults with type 2 diabetes?
- Strict low-carb diet only
- Avoiding all sugar-containing foods
- Regular blood glucose monitoring (Correct answer)
- Daily insulin injections regardless of glucose level
Correct answer: Regular blood glucose monitoring
Monitoring blood glucose regularly helps prevent complications such as hypoglycemia, especially in older adults with variable eating patterns or comorbidities.
Question 3: Which symptom is a common indicator of chronic heart failure in elderly patients?
- Nausea
- Headache
- Dyspnea (Correct answer)
- Constipation
Correct answer: Dyspnea
Dyspnea, or shortness of breath, especially during exertion or lying down, is a hallmark symptom of heart failure.
Question 4: Why is polypharmacy a concern in older adults with chronic illnesses?
- It improves drug effectiveness
- It simplifies medication regimens
- It reduces side effects
- It increases risk of adverse drug events (Correct answer)
Correct answer: It increases risk of adverse drug events
Polypharmacy increases the risk of drug interactions, side effects, and nonadherence, which can worsen chronic conditions.
Question 5: What is the primary goal of palliative care in chronic disease management?
- Curing the disease
- Providing physical therapy
- Eliminating medications
- Improving comfort and quality of life (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Improving comfort and quality of life
Palliative care focuses on relieving symptoms, improving quality of life, and supporting patients and families through serious illness.
Question 6: Which of the following is a preventive strategy for managing osteoporosis in older adults?
- Avoiding all fats in the diet
- Calcium and vitamin D supplementation (Correct answer)
- High-protein diet only
- Daily aspirin therapy
Correct answer: Calcium and vitamin D supplementation
Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake supports bone health and reduces the risk of fractures associated with osteoporosis.
BCG Chronic Illness & Disease Management
Which chronic condition is most commonly associated with vision loss in older adults?