A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the information necessary to produce a specific protein or trait.
DNA is a double-stranded molecule shaped like a twisted ladder, with base pairs forming the rungs.
Transcription is the process where a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence.
Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into a protein sequence.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
