Free ACBN Nutritionist MCQ Questions and Answers

Question 1

Which of the following clinical characteristics is LEAST likely to be a sign of a patient in an acute care hospital who is nutritionally at risk?

Accepted Answer

15% of one's body weight lost voluntarily during the course of six months while one is obese

Answer

Nutritional risk in an acute care setting typically refers to unintended weight loss, inadequate intake, or conditions that significantly increase metabolic demands or impair nutrient absorption. While 15% weight loss is substantial, if it's *voluntary* and the patient is *obese*, it often indicates a positive health change rather than a nutritional risk requiring intervention in the acute care context. Unintended weight loss (5% in a month), inadequate nutrition for 10 days, or extensive surgery due to cancer are all strong indicators of nutritional risk.

Question 2

Which of the following clinical characteristics is least likely to be a sign that medication on this list is most likely to result in weight gain? patient in an acute care hospital who is nutritionally at risk?

Accepted Answer

Wellbutrin

Answer

Wellbutrin (bupropion) is an antidepressant that is often associated with weight neutrality or even modest weight loss, rather than weight gain. In contrast, Prozac (fluoxetine), Paxil (paroxetine), and Elavil (amitriptyline) are all known to commonly cause weight gain as a side effect. Therefore, Wellbutrin is the least likely medication on this list to result in weight gain for a nutritionally at-risk patient.

Question 3

Which of the following is the best method for evaluating a patient with chronic liver disease and ascites?

Accepted Answer

Subjective Global Assessment

Answer

The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is considered the best method for evaluating nutritional status in patients with chronic liver disease and ascites. This is because ascites significantly impacts objective measures like weight and albumin levels, making them unreliable indicators of true nutritional status. SGA, however, incorporates clinical judgment, patient history, and physical examination findings (like muscle wasting and fat loss, while accounting for fluid retention), providing a more accurate and comprehensive assessment despite fluid shifts.

Question 4

What weight should a patient with chronic renal disease who is obese use when performing calculations?

Accepted Answer

Adjusted dry weight

Answer

For obese patients with chronic renal disease, adjusted dry weight is the most appropriate weight to use for nutritional calculations. This method accounts for the metabolic activity of excess adipose tissue while also considering the patient's dry weight, which is their weight without excess fluid. Using actual weight would overestimate needs due to fluid retention and obesity, while ideal weight might underestimate needs for an obese individual, making adjusted dry weight a more accurate and safer choice.

Question 5

Which of the following best summarizes when an enteral feeding protocol should be started for a patient with a traumatic brain injury?

Accepted Answer

Within 24 hours

Answer

For patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), enteral feeding protocols should be initiated within 24 hours of injury. Early enteral nutrition is crucial to meet the high metabolic demands associated with TBI, prevent catabolism, and support gut integrity. Prompt initiation of feeding has been shown to improve patient outcomes and reduce complications compared to delayed nutritional support.

ACBN - Nutritionist Exam Practice Test

ACBN - Nutritionist Exam Practice Test

Free ACBN Nutritionist MCQ Questions and Answers