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Core Knowledge and Fundamentals Flashcards

7 cards from real FRACGP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Core Knowledge and Fundamentals flashcards as text

  1. A 58-year-old man presents with a 3-month history of fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats. Examination reveals splenomegaly and a WBC of 120 × 10⁹/L with predominantly mature lymphocytes. The MOST likely diagnosis is:

    Answer: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

    CLL is the most common adult leukaemia, characterised by mature small lymphocytes, splenomegaly, and an indolent course in older adults.

  2. Which of the following antihypertensives is CONTRAINDICATED in bilateral renal artery stenosis?

    Answer: ACE inhibitors

    ACE inhibitors block angiotensin II–mediated efferent arteriolar constriction, which is the compensatory mechanism maintaining GFR in bilateral renal artery stenosis, risking acute renal failure.

  3. A 34-year-old woman in her second trimester presents with pruritus and jaundice. LFTs show elevated ALT and elevated bile acids at 42 µmol/L. The MOST appropriate management is:

    Answer: Ursodeoxycholic acid and monitoring of fetal wellbeing

    Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is treated with ursodeoxycholic acid to reduce bile acids and fetal risk, alongside close fetal surveillance.

  4. According to Australian immunisation guidelines, at what age should the meningococcal ACWY vaccine be routinely given as a booster for adolescents?

    Answer: 14–16 years

    The Australian immunisation schedule recommends meningococcal ACWY vaccine at 14–16 years (Year 10) as an adolescent booster.

  5. A 72-year-old man on warfarin for AF has an INR of 8.2 with no active bleeding. The MOST appropriate immediate management is:

    Answer: Withhold warfarin and administer oral vitamin K 1–2 mg

    For a supratherapeutic INR >8 without bleeding, guidelines recommend withholding warfarin and giving low-dose oral vitamin K to reduce the INR safely.

  6. Which of the following is the MOST sensitive screening test for primary hypothyroidism?

    Answer: TSH

    TSH is the most sensitive test for primary hypothyroidism because the pituitary responds to falling thyroid hormone levels before serum T4 becomes abnormal.

  7. A 45-year-old woman presents with a 6-week history of diffuse scalp hair loss occurring 3 months after a febrile illness. Hair pull test shows telogen hairs. The MOST likely diagnosis is:

    Answer: Telogen effluvium

    Telogen effluvium classically presents 2–3 months after a physiological stressor such as illness, causing diffuse shedding of telogen-phase hairs.