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Clinical Pharmacy Flashcards

7 cards from real FPGEE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A patient with severe penicillin allergy (anaphylaxis) requires treatment for a gram-negative infection. Which beta-lactam has the lowest cross-reactivity risk?

    Answer: Aztreonam

    Aztreonam is a monobactam with a different ring structure and exhibits negligible cross-reactivity with penicillins.

  2. A 55-year-old patient has a calculated 10-year ASCVD risk of 12%. Which statin intensity is recommended per ACC/AHA guidelines?

    Answer: Moderate-intensity statin

    A 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5% in patients aged 40–75 without clinical ASCVD warrants a moderate- to high-intensity statin; 12% falls in the moderate-to-high discussion zone with moderate typically initiated first.

  3. Which finding on a patient's medication history would prompt a pharmacist to question the appropriateness of prescribing an NSAID?

    Answer: History of peptic ulcer disease

    A history of peptic ulcer disease is a major contraindication to NSAID use due to risk of GI bleeding and ulcer recurrence.

  4. A patient is taking carbamazepine and is prescribed oral contraceptives. What counseling should be provided?

    Answer: Carbamazepine may reduce OC effectiveness; use backup contraception

    Carbamazepine is a potent CYP3A4 inducer that accelerates metabolism of estrogen and progestin, reducing contraceptive efficacy.

  5. What is the primary mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?

    Answer: Irreversible inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase

    PPIs covalently and irreversibly bind the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme on the parietal cell, blocking the final step of acid secretion.

  6. A hospitalized patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) develops hyperglycemia. What is the initial recommended intervention?

    Answer: Reduce the dextrose concentration in TPN and add insulin to the bag

    Reducing dextrose in TPN and adding regular insulin to the bag is the standard approach to managing TPN-induced hyperglycemia.

  7. A patient with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) that has recurred twice is best treated with which regimen?

    Answer: Fidaxomicin or vancomycin taper/pulse

    For multiple recurrent CDI, IDSA guidelines recommend fidaxomicin or a vancomycin taper and pulse regimen to reduce further recurrence.