Reading Instruction Flashcards

According to Florida's Literacy Framework, which component of reading instruction involves teaching students to understand the relationship between letters and sounds?

Answer: Phonics

Phonics specifically addresses letter-sound relationships (grapheme-phoneme correspondences), while phonological awareness is the broader auditory skill of recognizing sound units.

Which of the following best describes 'phonological awareness' as defined by FLDOE literacy standards?

Answer: The understanding that spoken language can be broken into smaller sound units

Phonological awareness is an oral/auditory skill involving the recognition and manipulation of sounds in spoken language, not printed text.

Florida's B.E.S.T. (Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking) standards emphasize which foundational reading skill in grades K–2?

Answer: Explicit systematic phonics instruction

Florida's B.E.S.T. standards prioritize explicit, systematic phonics instruction as a research-based foundational skill in the early grades.

Under Florida's Just Read, Florida! initiative, which of the following reading components is NOT one of the five pillars of reading?

Answer: Grammar

The five pillars of reading are phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension; grammar is not one of the five pillars.

A third-grade teacher notices a student reads slowly and laboriously, decoding word by word. Which reading component should the teacher target first?

Answer: Reading fluency

Word-by-word slow reading is a fluency problem; building automaticity and prosody will free cognitive resources for comprehension.

Which assessment approach does Florida recommend to identify students at risk for reading difficulties in grades K–3?

Answer: Universal screening

Universal screening is administered to all students three times per year to identify those at risk and in need of additional reading support.

According to the Florida Statute 1008.25, a student who does not demonstrate sufficient reading proficiency by the end of third grade may be subject to which action?

Answer: Good Cause Exemption review and possible grade retention

Florida's third-grade reading retention law requires that students not meeting the proficiency threshold be retained unless they qualify for a Good Cause Exemption.

Which instructional model does Florida recommend to provide intensified reading support to struggling readers in a tiered system?

Answer: Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS)

Florida's MTSS framework provides tiered levels of support based on data, ensuring struggling readers receive increasingly intensive intervention.

When teaching vocabulary using the Frayer Model, which four elements does a student complete for a target word?

Answer: Definition, characteristics, examples, non-examples

The Frayer Model uses four quadrants: definition, characteristics, examples, and non-examples to build deep word knowledge.

A teacher is using 'scaffolded reading' with an informational text. Which strategy best exemplifies this approach?

Answer: Pre-teaching key vocabulary and activating prior knowledge before reading

Scaffolded reading provides strategic support before, during, and after reading; pre-teaching vocabulary and activating prior knowledge is a key before-reading scaffold.

Which text structure signal words ('first,' 'then,' 'finally') indicate that an informational text is organized using which pattern?

Answer: Sequential/chronological order

Signal words like 'first,' 'then,' and 'finally' indicate a sequential or chronological text structure showing events in order.

Florida's CPALMS (Citizen's Personalized Learning System) is primarily used by teachers for which purpose?

Answer: Accessing state-adopted standards and aligned instructional resources

CPALMS is Florida's official source for state standards (B.E.S.T.), course descriptions, and aligned instructional resources for teachers.

Which reading strategy requires students to stop periodically during reading to summarize, question, clarify, and predict?

Answer: Reciprocal Teaching

Reciprocal Teaching is a structured comprehension strategy that uses four roles: summarizing, questioning, clarifying, and predicting.

When selecting a text for a close reading lesson, a Florida teacher should prioritize which characteristic?

Answer: Short, complex text worth reading multiple times for deep understanding

Close reading uses short, complex, worthy texts that reward careful re-reading and support text-dependent analysis.

Under Florida's Dyslexia and Related Reading Disorders policy, teachers must be able to identify which early warning sign of dyslexia?

Answer: Difficulty with phonological awareness and phoneme manipulation

Dyslexia is primarily characterized by deficits in phonological awareness and phoneme manipulation, which affect decoding despite adequate instruction.

A teacher uses a running record to assess a student's reading. Which information does this tool primarily provide?

Answer: An analysis of the student's accuracy, self-correction, and error patterns

A running record captures a student's oral reading behaviors, documenting accuracy, self-corrections, and miscues to analyze cueing strategies used.

Florida's Explicit Systematic Instruction (ESI) model recommends which sequence when introducing a new phonics pattern?

Answer: Model → guided practice → independent practice

Explicit systematic instruction follows an I Do (model), We Do (guided practice), You Do (independent practice) gradual release sequence.

Which Florida statute specifically requires public schools to provide reading intervention for students identified as having a substantial reading deficiency (SRD)?

Answer: Florida Statute 1008.25

Florida Statute 1008.25 establishes the requirements for student progression, including intervention for students with a substantial reading deficiency.

Which of the following is an example of morphological instruction in a reading class?

Answer: Teaching students the meaning of prefixes, suffixes, and root words

Morphological instruction focuses on the meaningful units within words (morphemes) such as prefixes, suffixes, and root words to build vocabulary and decoding skills.

A Florida teacher wants to improve students' reading comprehension using text-dependent questions. Which question type best reflects this practice?

Answer: 'What evidence in the text supports the author's central claim?'

Text-dependent questions require students to return to the text for evidence rather than drawing solely on personal experience or prior knowledge.