FEMA certifications FEMA Hazard Mitigation 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary goal of hazard mitigation?
- To respond to disasters quickly
- To permanently reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from hazards (Correct answer)
- To fund disaster relief operations
- To train emergency responders
Correct answer: To permanently reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from hazards
Hazard mitigation aims to permanently reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to people, property, and infrastructure from natural and man-made hazards.
Question 2: What legislation authorizes FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP)?
- National Flood Insurance Act
- Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Correct answer)
- Homeland Security Act
- Federal Civil Defense Act
Correct answer: Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act
The Robert T. Stafford Act, specifically Section 404, authorizes FEMA to fund hazard mitigation projects following presidentially declared disasters.
Question 3: Which document does a state or local government create to identify hazards and mitigation strategies to qualify for FEMA mitigation grants?
- Continuity of Operations Plan
- Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) (Correct answer)
- Emergency Operations Plan
- Disaster Recovery Plan
Correct answer: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP)
A Local Hazard Mitigation Plan identifies risks, vulnerabilities, and mitigation actions, and must be FEMA-approved for communities to receive certain mitigation grants.
Question 4: The FEMA Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) tool is used in hazard mitigation to:
- Calculate insurance premium costs
- Determine if a mitigation project's benefits outweigh its costs (Correct answer)
- Assess the number of lives lost in disasters
- Allocate disaster response personnel
Correct answer: Determine if a mitigation project's benefits outweigh its costs
FEMA's BCA tool compares the lifecycle benefits of a mitigation project (damages avoided) against its costs to determine cost-effectiveness.
Question 5: What is the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) program?
- A FEMA program funding pre-disaster hazard mitigation projects (Correct answer)
- A post-disaster debris removal program
- A FEMA public education initiative
- A federal infrastructure loan program
Correct answer: A FEMA program funding pre-disaster hazard mitigation projects
BRIC is a FEMA pre-disaster mitigation grant program that supports states, local governments, tribes, and territories in building community resilience before disasters strike.
Question 6: What does the term 'mitigation' mean in the context of the emergency management cycle?
- Actions taken after a disaster to restore services
- Activities to reduce or eliminate the impact of hazards on a community (Correct answer)
- Training exercises for first responders
- Federal funding allocations for disasters
Correct answer: Activities to reduce or eliminate the impact of hazards on a community
Mitigation refers to actions taken to reduce the severity of hazards' effects before they occur, making communities more resilient to future events.
FEMA certifications FEMA Hazard Mitigation 1
What is the primary goal of hazard mitigation?