FCCS FCCS Fluid and Electrolyte Management

Question 1

Which electrolyte is the primary determinant of extracellular fluid volume and intravascular volume?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Sodium is the principal extracellular cation and the primary osmole that determines extracellular fluid volume.

Question 2

Which IV fluid is considered isotonic and is appropriate for initial fluid resuscitation in hypovolemia?

Accepted Answer

0.9% Normal saline

Answer

0.9% normal saline is isotonic (308 mOsm/L) and remains in the extracellular space, making it appropriate for volume resuscitation.

Question 3

What is the normal serum sodium concentration range?

Accepted Answer

135–145 mEq/L

Answer

Normal serum sodium ranges from 135 to 145 mEq/L; values outside this range indicate hypo- or hypernatremia.

Question 4

Which urine output threshold is commonly used to indicate adequate fluid resuscitation in critically ill adults?

Accepted Answer

0.5 mL/kg/hr

Answer

A urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr reflects adequate renal perfusion and is a standard resuscitation endpoint.

Question 5

What is the most common cause of hyponatremia in ICU patients?

Accepted Answer

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

Answer

SIADH causes inappropriate free water retention, diluting serum sodium and is the most frequent cause of hyponatremia in hospitalized ICU patients.

FCCS - Fundamentals of Critical Care Support Practice Test