FCCS Cardiovascular Emergencies Flashcards

Which hemodynamic pattern is classic for cardiogenic shock?

Answer: Low CO, high SVR, high PCWP

Cardiogenic shock is characterized by low cardiac output, compensatory high systemic vascular resistance, and elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure reflecting fluid backup.

The first-line vasopressor for septic shock per Surviving Sepsis Guidelines is:

Answer: Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine is recommended as the first-choice vasopressor for septic shock due to its superior vasoconstrictive effect and favorable safety profile.

What is the classic ECG finding in hyperkalemia that precedes ventricular fibrillation?

Answer: Peaked T waves progressing to wide QRS

Hyperkalemia produces progressive ECG changes from peaked T waves to widened QRS complex, which can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation if untreated.

In a patient with pulseless electrical activity (PEA), which of the following is a reversible cause?

Answer: Tension pneumothorax

Tension pneumothorax is one of the 5 H's and 5 T's reversible causes of PEA arrest and requires immediate needle decompression.

What is the appropriate initial energy for defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation with a biphasic defibrillator?

Answer: 120–200 J

Biphasic defibrillators typically use 120–200 J for the initial shock in ventricular fibrillation, following manufacturer recommendations.

A MAP of less than what value generally requires vasopressor initiation in septic shock?

Answer: 65 mmHg

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends targeting a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mmHg, initiating vasopressors when MAP falls below this threshold.