Family Medicine Exam Flashcards

False or True. Depression is frequently treated with citalopram.

Answer: True

True. Citalopram (Celexa) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of depression. SSRIs are often considered first-line agents due to their efficacy in improving mood and their generally favorable side effect profile compared to older classes of antidepressants.

What type of laboratory is an example of the Chemistry Metabolic Panel (CMP)?

Answer: Routine labs

A Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) is a standard blood test that measures 14 different substances, including electrolytes, kidney function indicators, and liver function indicators. It provides a broad overview of a patient's metabolic status and is frequently ordered during general check-ups or for monitoring various conditions. Therefore, it is classified as a routine laboratory test.

What class of drugs frequently causes fatigue, muscle pain, and cramps as adverse effects?

Answer: Statins

Statins, a class of drugs used to lower cholesterol, are well-known for causing muscle-related side effects, including myalgia (muscle pain), weakness, and cramps. While these symptoms are usually mild, they can sometimes indicate more serious conditions like rhabdomyolysis. Patient education and monitoring are crucial when prescribing statins to manage these potential adverse effects.

Which diagnostic lab conducts an annual kidney problem screening for diabetics?

Answer: Microalbumin

Microalbuminuria, the presence of small amounts of albumin in the urine, is an early indicator of kidney damage in diabetic patients. An annual microalbumin test (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio) is crucial for screening diabetics for early signs of diabetic nephropathy. Early detection allows for timely intervention to prevent or slow the progression of kidney disease.

What lab test is typically run on a patient taking diabetes medication?

Answer: Hemoglobin A1c (CMP)

The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures a person's average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months. It is the primary lab test used to monitor long-term glycemic control in patients with diabetes and to assess the effectiveness of their diabetes medication regimen. Regular HbA1c testing helps guide treatment adjustments and prevent diabetes complications.

What kind of lab work ought to be requested for a patient taking 50 mg of levothyroxine every day?

Answer: Thyroid Panel (TSH, T4)

Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. To ensure the patient is receiving the correct dosage and that their thyroid function is optimized, a thyroid panel, specifically measuring Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free T4, should be regularly monitored. TSH is the most sensitive indicator of thyroid hormone status and guides dosage adjustments.

Which medication on the list below is a beta blocker?

Answer: All of the above

Beta blockers are a class of medications that block beta-adrenergic receptors, primarily used to treat cardiovascular conditions like hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias. Metoprolol, Atenolol, and Carvedilol are all well-known and commonly prescribed beta-blockers, each with specific receptor selectivity and pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, all listed medications fall under the beta-blocker category.