Family Practice Exam Pharmacology and Prescribing Flashcards
6 cards from real Family Practice Exam practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Family Practice Exam Pharmacology and Prescribing flashcards as text
A patient stabilized on warfarin is started on fluconazole for a fungal infection. What effect will this have on the INR?
Answer: Increase INR
Fluconazole inhibits CYP2C9, reducing warfarin metabolism and raising plasma levels, which increases the INR and bleeding risk.
Which antibiotic class should be avoided in children under 8 years old due to risk of permanent dental staining?
Answer: Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines chelate calcium in developing teeth and bone, causing permanent yellow-brown discoloration when given to children under 8.
A patient on an SSRI for depression reports easy bruising. What is the most likely pharmacologic mechanism?
Answer: Platelet dysfunction
SSRIs inhibit serotonin reuptake in platelets, impairing serotonin-mediated platelet aggregation and increasing bruising risk.
Which mood stabilizer requires regular serum level monitoring due to its narrow therapeutic index?
Answer: Lithium carbonate
Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index (0.6–1.2 mEq/L for maintenance) and requires routine serum monitoring to prevent neurotoxicity.
What is the primary mechanism of action of metformin in type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Decreases hepatic glucose production
Metformin activates AMPK, primarily reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and decreasing fasting plasma glucose levels.
A patient taking a MAO inhibitor for depression is prescribed tramadol for pain. What is the most serious risk?
Answer: Serotonin syndrome
Tramadol combined with MAOIs can precipitate serotonin syndrome due to additive serotonergic activity, a potentially fatal drug interaction.
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