FACEM Safety and Infection Control 3

Question 1

A child with suspected meningococcal meningitis is brought to the ED. Which isolation precaution category should be initiated immediately?

Accepted Answer

Droplet precautions

Answer

Neisseria meningitidis is transmitted via large respiratory droplets, requiring droplet precautions (surgical mask within 1 meter) until 24 hours of effective antibiotic therapy.

Question 2

What is the recommended hand hygiene technique when hands are visibly soiled with blood or body fluids?

Accepted Answer

Soap and water for at least 40-60 seconds

Answer

When hands are visibly soiled, soap and water handwashing for 40-60 seconds is required, as alcohol-based rubs do not effectively remove organic material.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct 'moment' for hand hygiene according to the WHO Five Moments framework in emergency care?

Accepted Answer

After removing PPE and before leaving the patient zone

Answer

WHO Moment 5 is 'after contact with patient surroundings,' which includes after removing PPE within the patient zone before leaving, to prevent transferring organisms.

Question 4

A fit-test for an N95 respirator confirms a poor seal. What is the most appropriate immediate action?

Accepted Answer

Select a different N95 model and repeat the fit-test

Answer

A failed fit-test means that specific N95 model does not form an adequate seal; the worker must be tested with alternative models until a passing fit is achieved before caring for airborne-precaution patients.

Question 5

Which intervention most effectively reduces central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) during emergency placement of central venous catheters?

Accepted Answer

Performing the procedure under full sterile barrier precautions (cap, mask, gown, gloves, large drape)

Answer

Maximal sterile barrier precautions during CVC insertion are a core bundle element proven to reduce CLABSI rates; replacing emergently placed lines within 24-48 hours is also recommended but is secondary.

(FACEM) Fellowship of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Practice Test

(FACEM) Fellowship of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Practice Test

FACEM Safety and Infection Control 3