FACEM Safety and Infection Control 2

Question 1

A patient with suspected Ebola virus disease arrives in the ED. Which PPE ensemble is required for healthcare workers performing direct patient care?

Accepted Answer

N95 respirator, face shield, double gloves, gown, and boot covers

Answer

Ebola requires enhanced contact/droplet precautions including N95 or PAPR, face shield, double gloves, impermeable gown, and boot covers to prevent exposure to infectious body fluids.

Question 2

Which strategy best reduces the risk of needlestick injuries during IV cannulation in the emergency department?

Accepted Answer

Using safety-engineered devices with passive activation

Answer

Safety-engineered devices with passive (automatic) activation features provide the greatest reduction in needlestick injuries by activating without additional steps from the user.

Question 3

A nurse sustains a needlestick from a patient with unknown HIV status. What is the recommended window for initiating post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)?

Accepted Answer

Within 72 hours

Answer

HIV PEP should be initiated as soon as possible but remains effective if started within 72 hours of exposure; earlier initiation improves efficacy.

Question 4

What is the most appropriate action when a patient with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis requires emergent intubation?

Accepted Answer

Transfer the patient to a negative-pressure room before intubation if at all possible

Answer

Intubation of a TB patient should occur in a negative-pressure isolation room whenever feasible to contain airborne infectious particles.

Question 5

During a mass casualty chemical exposure incident, the FIRST priority for incoming casualties before they enter the ED is:

Accepted Answer

Decontamination with copious water

Answer

Decontamination must occur before patients enter the facility to prevent secondary contamination of healthcare workers and the clinical environment.

(FACEM) Fellowship of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Practice Test

(FACEM) Fellowship of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Practice Test

FACEM Safety and Infection Control 2