FACEM FACEM Trauma Management 2

Question 1

Which spinal injury pattern is most commonly associated with axial loading, such as diving into shallow water?

Accepted Answer

Jefferson burst fracture

Answer

A Jefferson burst fracture of C1 results from axial loading forces transmitted through the occiput, classically seen in diving or falling from height onto the head.

Question 2

In blunt chest trauma, which finding on chest X-ray most suggests an aortic injury?

Accepted Answer

Widened mediastinum >8 cm

Answer

A widened mediastinum greater than 8 cm on CXR is the classic radiographic sign raising suspicion for traumatic aortic injury requiring further CT angiography.

Question 3

What is the most common injury pattern causing flail chest, and what is the primary physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

3+ consecutive ribs fractured in 2+ places; paradoxical breathing

Answer

Flail chest occurs when 3 or more consecutive ribs are fractured in 2 or more places, causing paradoxical movement of the chest wall segment during respiration.

Question 4

Which laboratory marker is the best early indicator of global tissue hypoperfusion in trauma patients?

Accepted Answer

Serum lactate

Answer

Serum lactate is the most sensitive early indicator of global tissue hypoperfusion in trauma, with elevated levels correlating with increased mortality and the need for massive transfusion.

Question 5

What is the recommended ratio of packed red blood cells to fresh frozen plasma in damage control resuscitation?

Accepted Answer

1:1

Answer

Damage control resuscitation targets a 1:1 ratio of pRBC to FFP to restore clotting factors alongside oxygen-carrying capacity and reduce coagulopathy.

(FACEM) Fellowship of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Practice Test

(FACEM) Fellowship of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Practice Test

FACEM FACEM Trauma Management 2