Federal Aviation Regulations Flashcards

Where may an aircraft's operating limitations be found?

Answer: In the current, FAA-approved flight manual, approved manual material, markings, and placards, or any combination thereof.

An aircraft's operating limitations are found in the current, FAA-approved flight manual (AFM) or Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH), approved manual material, markings, and placards, or any combination thereof. As per 14 CFR Part 91.9(b), these documents specify the conditions and restrictions under which the aircraft may be safely operated, ensuring compliance with its type certification.

During a night flight, you observe a steady white light and a flashing red light ahead and at the same altitude. What is the general direction of movement of the other aircraft?

Answer: The other aircraft is flying away from you.

Aircraft navigation lights provide crucial information about another aircraft's orientation and movement at night. A steady white light is located on the tail of an aircraft, and a flashing red light is typically an anti-collision light often visible from the rear. Observing these lights ahead indicates you are seeing the tail of the other aircraft, which means it is flying away from you.

When solving a wind problem on the wind side of the flight computer, the first information to enter on the wind side is

Answer: the wind.

When using the wind side of a flight computer (like an E6B), the initial step is to input the wind information. You first set the wind direction under the true index and then mark the wind velocity up from the grommet. This establishes the wind vector, which is essential before calculating other parameters like true heading and groundspeed.

(Refer to Figure 21.) What is the estimated time en route from Mercer County Regional Airport (area 3) to Minot International (area 1)? The wind is from 330° at 25 knots and the true airspeed is 100 knots. Add 3-1/2 minutes for departure and climb-out.

Answer: 48 minutes.

To calculate the estimated time en route, first determine the true course and distance between Mercer County Regional Airport and Minot International using the sectional chart. Then, use a flight computer (E6B) to account for the given wind (330° at 25 knots) and true airspeed (100 knots) to find the true heading and groundspeed. Finally, divide the distance by the calculated groundspeed to get the flight time, and add the specified 3-1/2 minutes for departure and climb-out.

The responsibility for ensuring that maintenance personnel make the appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicating the aircraft has been approved for return to service lies with the

Answer: owner or operator.

Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) place the ultimate responsibility for the airworthiness of an aircraft, including the proper documentation of maintenance, on the owner or operator. While mechanics perform the work and make entries, the owner/operator must ensure these records are complete and accurate to confirm the aircraft is approved for return to service. This ensures the aircraft remains in an airworthy condition.

Who is responsible for ensuring Airworthiness Directives (AD's) are compiled with?

Answer: Owner or operator.

Airworthiness Directives (ADs) are legally enforceable regulations issued by the FAA to correct unsafe conditions in aircraft. Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) clearly state that the owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for ensuring compliance with all applicable ADs. This ensures the continued airworthiness and safety of the aircraft.

An aircraft had a 100-hour inspection when the tachometer read 1259.6. When is the next 100-hour inspection due?

Answer: 1359.6 hours.

A 100-hour inspection is required for aircraft used for hire, and it is due every 100 hours of operation. To determine the next due date, simply add 100 hours to the current tachometer reading at which the last inspection was performed. Therefore, if the last inspection was at 1259.6 hours, the next is due at 1359.6 hours.

During a night flight, you observe a steady red light and a flashing red light ahead and at the same altitude. What is the general direction of movement of the other aircraft?

Answer: The other aircraft is crossing to the left.

A steady red light is located on the left wingtip of an aircraft, indicating its left side. Observing a steady red light ahead, along with a flashing red anti-collision light, means you are seeing the left side of the other aircraft. This configuration signifies that the aircraft is moving from your right to your left, or 'crossing to the left'.

The takeoffs and landings required to meet the recency of experience requirements for carrying passengers in a tailwheel airplane

Answer: must be to a full stop.

To meet the recency of experience requirements for carrying passengers in a tailwheel airplane, a pilot must have made at least three takeoffs and three full-stop landings within the preceding 90 days. Unlike nosewheel aircraft, touch-and-go landings are not sufficient for tailwheel aircraft due to the specific handling characteristics and increased challenge of full-stop landings, ensuring proficiency in this more demanding maneuver.

When activated, an emergency locator transmitter (ELT) transmits on

Answer: 121.5 and 243.0 MHz.

When activated, an Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) transmits a distress signal on specific frequencies to aid search and rescue efforts. The primary frequencies for ELTs are 121.5 MHz (civilian) and 243.0 MHz (military), although newer ELTs also transmit on 406 MHz for satellite detection. These frequencies are monitored by air traffic control and search and rescue agencies.

How far will an aircraft travel in 2-1/2 minutes with a groundspeed of 98 knots?

Answer: 4.08 NM.

To calculate the distance an aircraft will travel, use the formula Distance = Speed × Time. First, convert the time from minutes to hours by dividing 2.5 minutes by 60 (2.5/60 = 0.04166 hours). Then, multiply the groundspeed of 98 knots by this time in hours (98 knots * 0.04166 hours) to find the distance traveled in nautical miles, which is approximately 4.08 NM.

Which light signal from the control tower clears a pilot to taxi?

Answer: Flashing green.

Air traffic control towers use specific light gun signals to communicate with aircraft that are not equipped with radios or have radio failure. A flashing green light signal from the tower specifically clears a pilot to taxi. Other signals, such as a steady green (cleared for takeoff/landing) or flashing white (return to starting point), have different meanings.

When flying in the airspace underlying Class B airspace, the maximum speed authorized is

Answer: 200 knots.

Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR 91.117) specify speed limits in various airspaces to enhance safety. When operating in the airspace underlying Class B airspace, the maximum authorized airspeed is 200 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS). This restriction provides pilots with more time to see and avoid other aircraft in busy terminal areas.

A pilot operating under BasicMed may

Answer: fly an aircraft capable of greater than 250 knots IAS.

BasicMed allows pilots to operate under certain medical requirements without a traditional FAA medical certificate, but it has specific limitations. While BasicMed restricts the number of occupants and aircraft weight, it does not impose a speed limitation on the aircraft itself. Therefore, a pilot operating under BasicMed may fly an aircraft capable of greater than 250 knots IAS, provided other BasicMed limitations are met.

A basic rule to remember when using the calculator side of the flight computer is

Answer: "does the answer make sense?"

The E6B flight computer is a mechanical analog computer used for various aviation calculations. A fundamental principle when using any calculator, especially a mechanical one like the E6B, is to always perform a mental check to ensure the answer is logical and 'makes sense.' This helps catch potential errors in setting the scales or reading the results, preventing significant navigational or performance mistakes.

In addition to other preflight actions for a VFR flight away from the vicinity of the departure airport, regulations specifically require the pilot in command to

Answer: determine runway lengths at airports of intended use and the aircraft's takeoff and landing distance data.

Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR 91.103) outline the required preflight actions for pilots in command. For any VFR flight away from the vicinity of the departure airport, pilots must specifically determine runway lengths at airports of intended use and the aircraft's takeoff and landing distance data. This ensures the aircraft can safely operate at the chosen airports under the prevailing conditions.

When may an emergency locator transmitter (ELT) be tested?

Answer: During the first 5 minutes after the hour.

To prevent false alarms and interference with actual distress signals, Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) have specific testing regulations. ELT tests are permitted only during the first 5 minutes after the hour, and they must not last longer than three audible sweeps. This limited testing window minimizes the chance of search and rescue agencies misinterpreting test signals as real emergencies.

What document(s) must be in your personal possession or readily accessible in the aircraft while operating as pilot in command of an aircraft?

Answer: An appropriate pilot certificate and an appropriate current medical certificate if required.

Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR 61.3) mandate that a pilot acting as pilot in command must have in their personal possession or readily accessible in the aircraft an appropriate pilot certificate and, if required for the operation, an appropriate current medical certificate. These documents verify the pilot's qualifications and medical fitness to fly, ensuring compliance with regulations.

With respect to the certification of airmen, which is a category of aircraft?

Answer: Airplane, rotorcraft, glider, lighter-than-air.

For the purpose of airman certification, the FAA defines specific categories of aircraft. These categories include Airplane, Rotorcraft, Glider, and Lighter-than-air. These broad classifications group aircraft with similar operating characteristics and require distinct training and certification standards for pilots.

Except in Alaska, during what time period should lighted position lights be displayed on an aircraft?

Answer: Sunset to sunrise.

Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR 91.209) require aircraft to display lighted position lights from sunset to sunrise, except in Alaska where specific rules may apply. These lights, typically red on the left wing, green on the right wing, and white on the tail, are crucial for other aircraft to determine the position and direction of travel of an aircraft during night operations, enhancing safety.