Ericsson Technical Certification Program (ETCP) — Questions and Answers

Question 1: What is the function of RSVP-TE in Ericsson MPLS networks?

Signals and reserves resources for traffic-engineered LSPs (Correct answer)
Monitors link utilization
Manages subscriber authentication
Provides dynamic host configuration

Correct answer: Signals and reserves resources for traffic-engineered LSPs

RSVP-TE (Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering) signals LSP setup and reserves bandwidth resources along the path.

Question 2: Which Ericsson OSS capability uses AI/ML to proactively detect anomalies before they cause service degradation?

Traditional threshold-based alerting only
Manual drive testing
Static configuration audits
Intelligent Automation and Analytics in Ericsson's Cognitive Network solutions (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Intelligent Automation and Analytics in Ericsson's Cognitive Network solutions

Ericsson's Cognitive Network capabilities apply AI/ML models to performance data to detect anomalies, predict failures, and recommend corrective actions proactively.

Question 3: Which encapsulation is used in Ericsson's Carrier Ethernet services to transport Layer 2 frames over an MPLS core?

VXLAN
GRE
Pseudowire (PWE3) (Correct answer)
IPsec tunnel

Correct answer: Pseudowire (PWE3)

Pseudowire (PWE3) encapsulates Layer 2 frames inside MPLS labels to transport Ethernet, ATM, or TDM services over an IP/MPLS backbone.

Question 4: What does 'Closed-Loop Automation' mean in Ericsson's OSS/network management context?

A physical ring topology for OSS servers
A method of encrypting OSS API calls
A self-healing cycle where the network detects issues, analyzes root cause, and automatically applies corrections (Correct answer)
Restricting OSS access to internal networks only

Correct answer: A self-healing cycle where the network detects issues, analyzes root cause, and automatically applies corrections

Closed-Loop Automation creates a continuous cycle: monitor → analyze → decide → act → verify, enabling the network to automatically correct issues without human intervention.

Question 5: In Ericsson transport networks, what does OAM stand for?

Outbound Aggregation Mechanism
Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (Correct answer)
Open Access Management
Optical Amplifier Module

Correct answer: Operations, Administration, and Maintenance

OAM (Operations, Administration, and Maintenance) encompasses tools and protocols for monitoring, fault detection, and management of network services.

Question 6: What interface connects the eNB (4G base station) to the EPC's MME in Ericsson LTE deployments?

Uu
X2
S11
S1-MME (Correct answer)

Correct answer: S1-MME

The S1-MME interface carries control plane signaling between the eNB and the MME for handover signaling, registration, and bearer setup.

Question 7: What does the term 'SBA' (Service-Based Architecture) mean in the context of Ericsson's 5GC design?

A spectrum allocation methodology
A software build automation framework
An architecture where NFs expose capabilities as services via standardized APIs (Correct answer)
A hardware blade architecture for core nodes

Correct answer: An architecture where NFs expose capabilities as services via standardized APIs

SBA means each 5GC network function exposes its capabilities through RESTful service interfaces, allowing any authorized NF to consume them via the SBI.

Question 8: What do we charge a customer that wants us to send them any data that we hold about them?

£5 per item of data
£5
£20
£10 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: £10

This question refers to the fee charged for a Subject Access Request (SAR) under specific data protection legislation, likely the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA 1998) in the UK before GDPR. Under the DPA 1998, organizations were permitted to charge a statutory fee, typically £10, for processing a SAR. While GDPR generally removed this fee, the context suggests this specific fee was applicable.

Question 9: The emergency alarm is activated on a mobile or portable radio when an officer presses the _button on the ___of the mobile or top of the HT.

Red and front
Orange and front (Correct answer)
Orange and back

Correct answer: Orange and front

The emergency alarm on a mobile or portable radio is activated when an officer presses the orange button located on the front of the mobile radio or the top of the handheld transceiver (HT). This specific color and placement are designed for quick identification and activation in critical situations, allowing officers to signal for help rapidly.

Question 10: What is the role of the RRC (Radio Resource Control) protocol in Ericsson's 5G RAN?

Compressing IP headers for efficient air interface usage
Encrypting the user plane data stream
Managing UE state (idle/connected/inactive), bearer setup, handover, and system information broadcast (Correct answer)
Scheduling physical layer resource blocks per TTI

Correct answer: Managing UE state (idle/connected/inactive), bearer setup, handover, and system information broadcast

RRC runs in the gNB-CU and controls UE state transitions, connection setup, measurement configuration, handover procedures, and system information broadcasting.

Question 11: Which standard does Ericsson ENM use to export performance data for integration with third-party analytics tools?

3GPP 32-series (NE PM file formats) (Correct answer)
IEEE 802.1Q
ITU-T G.711
ETSI NFV MANO

Correct answer: 3GPP 32-series (NE PM file formats)

ENM exports performance counter data in 3GPP 32-series XML file formats, enabling interoperability with third-party analytics and BI platforms.

Question 12: Which routing protocol is most commonly used for inter-domain routing in Ericsson transport network deployments?

IS-IS
OSPF
RIP
BGP (Correct answer)

Correct answer: BGP

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the standard inter-domain routing protocol used between autonomous systems in transport networks.

Question 13: Narrow banding & Charger / Taurus radio range problems If an officer turns on the radio and Ch 2 says it needs to be programmed before_?

Mutual aid, January 1 (Correct answer)
Point to point, January 1
Mutual aid, December 31

Correct answer: Mutual aid, January 1

For Charger/Taurus radios experiencing narrow banding and range problems, if an officer turns on the radio and Channel 2 displays "Mutual aid," it indicates that the radio needs to be reprogrammed before January 1. This specific message and deadline are critical for ensuring the radio's compliance with narrow banding regulations and maintaining proper functionality.

Question 14: What is the role of the NRF (Network Repository Function) in Ericsson's 5G core?

Routing SMS messages to subscribers
Maintaining a registry of available NFs and enabling service discovery (Correct answer)
Storing subscriber policy profiles
Managing RAN handover procedures

Correct answer: Maintaining a registry of available NFs and enabling service discovery

The NRF acts as a service registry where 5GC network functions register their profiles and discover other NFs they need to communicate with.

Question 15: What frequency range defines the E-band used in high-capacity Ericsson MINI-LINK deployments?

38–42 GHz
71–86 GHz (Correct answer)
6–11 GHz
18–23 GHz

Correct answer: 71–86 GHz

E-band occupies 71–86 GHz, offering large channel bandwidths (up to 2 GHz) that enable multi-gigabit backhaul over short distances.

Question 16: Which synchronization standard provides phase and time synchronization required by LTE and 5G in Ericsson microwave backhaul?

IEEE 1588v2 (PTP) (Correct answer)
SDH STM-1
SONET OC-3
NTP v4

Correct answer: IEEE 1588v2 (PTP)

IEEE 1588v2 (Precision Time Protocol) delivers sub-microsecond phase/time accuracy needed for LTE TDD and 5G NR synchronization.

Question 17: In Ericsson's 5G architecture, what does the N4 interface connect?

The UDM to the PCF for policy data
The SMF to the UPF, carrying PFCP session establishment and packet forwarding rules (Correct answer)
The AMF to the SMF
The gNB to the UPF for user data

Correct answer: The SMF to the UPF, carrying PFCP session establishment and packet forwarding rules

The N4 interface uses PFCP (Packet Forwarding Control Protocol) to allow the SMF to program packet detection, forwarding, and reporting rules into the UPF.

Question 18: In Ericsson's IP/MPLS transport, what does LSP stand for?

Layer Switching Point
Logical Service Plane
Link State Protocol
Label Switched Path (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Label Switched Path

LSP stands for Label Switched Path, the end-to-end path established through an MPLS network for forwarding labeled packets.

Question 19: _______ are responsible for keeping their applications up to date – and must therefore ensure they have a patch strategy (to ensure that their applications are screened from malware and hackers scanning for vulnerabilities that allow unauthorized access to their data within the cloud to be gained).

None
Providers
Customers (Correct answer)
Both

Correct answer: Customers

In most cloud service models, customers retain significant responsibility for the security of their own applications and data. This includes ensuring that their applications are regularly updated, patched, and configured securely to prevent vulnerabilities that could be exploited by malicious actors. While cloud providers secure the underlying infrastructure, the customer is accountable for the security posture of what they deploy and manage within the cloud.

Question 20: Which 5G core network function is responsible for authenticating subscribers and managing mobility?

AUSF
AMF (Correct answer)
UDM
PCF

Correct answer: AMF

The AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) handles UE registration, authentication coordination, and mobility management in the 5GC.

Question 21: What does the term 'Fast Reroute (FRR)' mean in Ericsson MPLS transport?

A technique for accelerating packet queuing
A method to quickly switch to a pre-computed backup path when a failure is detected (Correct answer)
A hardware mechanism for forwarding at line rate
A protocol for rapid BGP convergence

Correct answer: A method to quickly switch to a pre-computed backup path when a failure is detected

MPLS Fast Reroute provides sub-50ms failure recovery by switching to a pre-established backup LSP upon detecting a link or node failure.

Question 22: Which Ericsson 5GC component manages the subscriber's consent and data exposure to external applications?

NSSF
NEF (Network Exposure Function) (Correct answer)
CHF
UDM

Correct answer: NEF (Network Exposure Function)

The NEF provides a secure API gateway for third-party applications to access 5GC capabilities and subscriber data, enforcing consent and policy.

Question 23: What does XPIC stand for in Ericsson MINI-LINK microwave systems?

Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation (Correct answer)
Cross-Path Isolation Circuit
Cross-Path Interference Control
Cross-Polarization Interference Correction

Correct answer: Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation

XPIC stands for Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation, enabling both polarizations on the same frequency to double spectral efficiency.

Question 24: What numerology feature in 5G NR allows Ericsson's RAN to support both low-latency and wide-area use cases?

Fixed 15 kHz subcarrier spacing inherited from LTE
Multiple subcarrier spacings (µ = 0 to 4) that scale OFDM parameters to different frequency bands and latency needs (Correct answer)
Variable coding rate selection per frame
Adaptive modulation between QPSK and 256-QAM only

Correct answer: Multiple subcarrier spacings (µ = 0 to 4) that scale OFDM parameters to different frequency bands and latency needs

5G NR defines multiple numerologies with subcarrier spacings of 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 kHz, allowing the RAN to adapt slot durations for different latency and frequency band requirements.

Question 25: If, however, the emergency alarm is on a MO IO channel, or another statewide talk group, what must be done?

Every dispatch console in Troop A along with all MCD officers must acknowledge the alarm
Every dispatch console in the state has to acknowledge the alarm. (Correct answer)
Every dispatch console in Troop A must acknowledge the alarm

Correct answer: Every dispatch console in the state has to acknowledge the alarm.

If an emergency alarm is activated on a MO IO channel or another statewide talk group, it necessitates acknowledgment from every dispatch console across the entire state. This comprehensive acknowledgment ensures that all relevant personnel are aware of the critical situation, reflecting the widespread nature and importance of a statewide emergency.

Question 26: In Ericsson's Segment Routing (SR) deployment, what replaces traditional RSVP-TE signaling?

OSPF extensions only
Source-based path encoding using segments (Correct answer)
Static MPLS labels
LDP

Correct answer: Source-based path encoding using segments

Segment Routing encodes the forwarding path directly in the packet header using ordered segments, eliminating the need for per-flow RSVP-TE state in the network.

Question 27: What is the function of Ericsson's License Manager within ENM?

Generates invoices for managed service customers
Manages software development licenses for Ericsson developers
Controls the activation and tracking of feature licenses on Ericsson network elements (Correct answer)
Negotiates supplier contracts for hardware components

Correct answer: Controls the activation and tracking of feature licenses on Ericsson network elements

License Manager in ENM provides centralized control over network element capacity and feature licenses, ensuring compliance and enabling remote license activation.

Question 28: Which Ericsson feature allows a single physical interface to carry multiple logical connections with separate SLAs in transport networks?

Hierarchical QoS (H-QoS) (Correct answer)
Jumbo Frames
Port Mirroring
Link Aggregation (LAG)

Correct answer: Hierarchical QoS (H-QoS)

Hierarchical QoS (H-QoS) applies multi-level scheduling policies so different services on the same interface receive their guaranteed bandwidth and latency treatment.

Question 29: What is the primary purpose of Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) in a microwave link?

To adjust modulation order and coding rate based on current link conditions (Correct answer)
To manage IP routing table updates
To replace frequency planning entirely
To increase physical antenna aperture

Correct answer: To adjust modulation order and coding rate based on current link conditions

ACM dynamically lowers the modulation order during signal degradation (e.g., rain fade) to maintain link availability at the cost of reduced throughput.

Question 30: What is the primary advantage of a hybrid microwave solution that combines fiber and wireless links?

Simplifies frequency coordination requirements
Reduces end-to-end latency below that of pure fiber
Eliminates all fiber infrastructure costs
Provides path diversity for increased resilience and aggregate capacity (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Provides path diversity for increased resilience and aggregate capacity

Hybrid microwave bonds a fiber path and a wireless path, so if one path degrades the other compensates, improving both availability and total capacity.

Question 31: What does ATPC stand for in Ericsson microwave transmission systems?

Automatic Traffic Priority Control
Automatic Transmit Power Control (Correct answer)
Advanced Topology Path Control
Adaptive Transmission Protocol Configuration

Correct answer: Automatic Transmit Power Control

ATPC (Automatic Transmit Power Control) reduces transmit power during clear conditions to minimize interference and save energy, increasing power only when the link fades.

Question 32: What is the purpose of Ericsson's Alarm Management in ENM?

To schedule preventive maintenance windows
To receive, correlate, and display faults from network elements in real time (Correct answer)
To manage software upgrade schedules
To configure subscriber service plans

Correct answer: To receive, correlate, and display faults from network elements in real time

Alarm Management collects alarms from NEs, correlates related events to reduce noise, and presents active faults to operators for timely resolution.

Question 33: What does QoS DSCP marking do in an Ericsson IP transport network?

Assigns VLANs to traffic flows
Encrypts headers for security
Compresses packet payloads
Marks packets to indicate their priority for handling (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Marks packets to indicate their priority for handling

DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) marks packets in the IP header so network nodes can apply appropriate priority treatment.

Question 34: In Ericsson's multi-access edge computing (MEC) deployments, where is the UPF typically placed?

At the internet exchange point
Co-located with the HSS/UDM for authentication proximity
At or near the RAN edge (e.g., in the DU/CU site) to minimize latency for local applications (Correct answer)
In the centralized data center only

Correct answer: At or near the RAN edge (e.g., in the DU/CU site) to minimize latency for local applications

For MEC use cases, the UPF is deployed at the RAN edge so that user plane traffic is offloaded locally without traversing the central core, achieving ultra-low latency.

Question 35: Which Ericsson product line is used to provide microwave backhaul connectivity for mobile sites?

Ericsson RBS 6000
Ericsson MSC-S
Ericsson Smart Services Router
Ericsson MINI-LINK (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Ericsson MINI-LINK

Ericsson MINI-LINK is the portfolio of microwave backhaul solutions used to connect base stations to the core transport network.

Question 36: Emergency alarms on the HPA Dispatch 1 and HPA Car 1 talk groups. It is a very annoying sound, and will not quit until the alarm is cleared - you cannot simply turn the volume down and ignore it. How do you silence these alarms?

Go to the icon that shows the alarm, it will be the icon where the border around the icon turns green and the inside flashes red. The" A_Trunking" tab at the top of the console will flash also. To clear the alarm, press the "cross" button on that icon and another drop down will appear, click on that to clear the alarm.
Officer must acknwoledge
Go to the icon that shows the alarm, it will be the icon where the border around the icon turns red and the inside flashes red. The" A_Trunking" tab at the top of the console will flash also. To clear the alarm, press the "cross" button on that icon and another drop down will appear, click on that to clear the alarm. (Correct answer)
Each troop a operator must acknowledge the alarm

Correct answer: Go to the icon that shows the alarm, it will be the icon where the border around the icon turns red and the inside flashes red. The" A_Trunking" tab at the top of the console will flash also. To clear the alarm, press the "cross" button on that icon and another drop down will appear, click on that to clear the alarm.

To silence emergency alarms on HPA Dispatch 1 and HPA Car 1 talk groups, the operator must locate the specific alarm icon on the console, which will be visually indicated by a red border and flashing red interior, along with a flashing "A_Trunking" tab. The alarm is then cleared by pressing the "cross" button on this icon, which brings up a drop-down menu, from which the operator selects the option to clear the alarm. This detailed procedure ensures the alarm is properly acknowledged and deactivated.

Question 37: In Ericsson's model-driven OSS approach, what is a Network Resource Model (NRM)?

A formal data model that describes the managed objects and attributes of a network element type (Correct answer)
A cost model for network capacity planning
A physical rack diagram of a data center
A software module for IP address management

Correct answer: A formal data model that describes the managed objects and attributes of a network element type

An NRM defines the managed object classes, attributes, and relationships for a specific NE type, enabling standardized CRUD operations from the OSS.

Question 38: In Ericsson EPC, what does the HSS store?

Cell-level radio measurements
Network topology and routing tables
Subscriber identity, authentication keys, and service profiles (Correct answer)
Real-time call detail records

Correct answer: Subscriber identity, authentication keys, and service profiles

The HSS (Home Subscriber Server) is the master database storing subscriber identities (IMSI/MSISDN), authentication credentials, and service subscription data.

Question 39: Which technology does Ericsson use for network synchronization in transport networks to support LTE/5G timing requirements?

TRILL
PTP (IEEE 1588) (Correct answer)
SNTP
NTP

Correct answer: PTP (IEEE 1588)

PTP (Precision Time Protocol, IEEE 1588) provides the sub-microsecond synchronization accuracy required by LTE and 5G base stations.

Question 40: In Ericsson IP transport, what is a VRF used for?

Creating separate virtual routing tables for different customers or services (Correct answer)
Managing physical port configurations
Encrypting inter-node traffic
Measuring packet loss on a link

Correct answer: Creating separate virtual routing tables for different customers or services

A VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) instance creates an isolated routing table, allowing multiple customers or services to share the same physical infrastructure.

Question 41: In Ericsson transport, what is the role of a Route Reflector in BGP?

To balance load between WAN links
To reduce the number of BGP sessions required in an AS (Correct answer)
To assign MPLS labels to packets
To translate between IPv4 and IPv6

Correct answer: To reduce the number of BGP sessions required in an AS

A Route Reflector allows BGP route propagation within an AS without requiring a full mesh of iBGP sessions between all routers.

Question 42: What does QCI (QoS Class Identifier) define in Ericsson's LTE EPC?

The type of encryption applied to the S1 interface
A standardized index mapping to specific packet forwarding characteristics (latency, loss, priority) for a bearer (Correct answer)
The subscriber's credit balance for prepaid billing
The number of MIMO layers allocated to a bearer

Correct answer: A standardized index mapping to specific packet forwarding characteristics (latency, loss, priority) for a bearer

QCI values (1–9 standardized, 65–70 for mission-critical) define the target packet delay budget, error loss rate, and scheduling priority for EPS bearers.

Question 43: On the mobile, this is easily confused with the power button, which is simply regular. __ button with a _on it.

Black and circle (Correct answer)
Black and box
Black and x

Correct answer: Black and circle

On the mobile radio, the emergency button can be easily confused with the power button, which is simply a regular black button with a circle on it. This distinct marking helps differentiate the power function from the critical emergency activation button, preventing accidental activation during routine operations.

Question 44: What is Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) in Ericsson's 5G strategy?

A software feature allowing 4G and 5G NR to dynamically share the same frequency spectrum simultaneously (Correct answer)
A method to share a single antenna among 4G and 5G radios physically
A spectrum auction process for national regulators
A roaming agreement framework between operators

Correct answer: A software feature allowing 4G and 5G NR to dynamically share the same frequency spectrum simultaneously

DSS allows LTE and NR to coexist on the same carrier, dynamically allocating radio resources between 4G and 5G users without requiring dedicated 5G spectrum.

Question 45: Which Ericsson product family is the primary platform for microwave backhaul?

Ericsson SGSN-MME
Ericsson MSC-S
Ericsson RBS 6000
MINI-LINK (Correct answer)

Correct answer: MINI-LINK

Ericsson's MINI-LINK product family is specifically designed and marketed for microwave backhaul applications.

Question 46: What is the functional split in Ericsson's CU/DU architecture for 5G?

CU provides power to the RU; DU manages transport backhaul
CU handles higher-layer protocols (PDCP, RRC); DU handles lower-layer protocols (RLC, MAC, PHY) (Correct answer)
CU manages physical antenna beamforming; DU handles IP routing
CU is the outdoor unit; DU is the indoor baseband unit

Correct answer: CU handles higher-layer protocols (PDCP, RRC); DU handles lower-layer protocols (RLC, MAC, PHY)

The CU (Central Unit) hosts higher-layer protocols (RRC, PDCP) for multiple DUs, while the DU (Distributed Unit) handles real-time lower-layer processing (RLC, MAC, PHY) close to the antenna.

Question 47: In Ericsson's dual-connectivity architecture (EN-DC), what does 'MN' refer to?

Mobile Node
Management Network
Master Node (typically the 4G eNB) (Correct answer)
Multi-Numerology

Correct answer: Master Node (typically the 4G eNB)

In EN-DC (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity), the Master Node is the eNB that maintains the primary connection to the EPC and controls bearer split.

Question 48: Who is the First Info Data Protection Officer?

Becky Simpson
Debbie Smith (Correct answer)
Rebecca Jenkins
Cassie Dunton

Correct answer: Debbie Smith

This question asks for a specific factual recall related to the Ericsson Technical Certification Program (ETCP) and its internal data protection roles. Debbie Smith is the designated First Info Data Protection Officer for Ericsson. This information would be learned through company-specific training or documentation provided as part of the ETCP.

Question 49: What is the primary advantage of using SR-MPLS over traditional LDP in Ericsson transport networks?

Simplified control plane with source-based routing and no per-path state in transit nodes (Correct answer)
Native support for IPv6 only
Lower physical layer bandwidth consumption
Higher encryption strength

Correct answer: Simplified control plane with source-based routing and no per-path state in transit nodes

SR-MPLS eliminates the need for LDP or RSVP-TE signaling state in transit nodes, reducing control plane complexity while enabling traffic engineering.

Question 50: In Ericsson's 5G RAN, what is the Xn interface used for?

Connecting the RU to the DU via fronthaul
Inter-gNB communication for handover and dual connectivity coordination (Correct answer)
Connecting the gNB to the UPF
Carrying timing signals between gNBs

Correct answer: Inter-gNB communication for handover and dual connectivity coordination

The Xn interface connects neighboring gNBs (or gNB and ng-eNB) to support handover signaling, dual connectivity bearer setup, and interference coordination.

Question 51: What does 'beamforming' enable in Ericsson's 5G Massive MIMO radios?

Automatic frequency hopping across bands
Compressing baseband data before transmission
Encrypting over-the-air radio frames
Directing radio energy toward specific users to improve signal quality and reduce interference (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Directing radio energy toward specific users to improve signal quality and reduce interference

Beamforming steers narrow radio beams toward individual or groups of users, increasing received signal strength and reducing interference to other users.

Question 52: What does PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) do in Ericsson's 5G RAN stack?

Allocates spectrum resources to users
Performs header compression, ciphering, integrity protection, and in-sequence delivery for data packets (Correct answer)
Manages HARQ retransmissions on the air interface
Maps logical channels to transport channels

Correct answer: Performs header compression, ciphering, integrity protection, and in-sequence delivery for data packets

PDCP provides IP header compression (ROHC), encryption, integrity protection, and in-sequence delivery for both control and user plane data in the 5G RAN.

Question 53: What does Ericsson's 'Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR)' feature in OSS/ENM do?

Provisions subscriber roaming agreements
Synchronizes clocks across all NEs
Discovers and configures neighbor relationships between base stations without manual intervention (Correct answer)
Automatically adjusts transmit power based on load

Correct answer: Discovers and configures neighbor relationships between base stations without manual intervention

ANR automates the detection of new neighbor cells and the addition or removal of neighbor relations in the RAN, reducing manual OSS configuration effort.

Question 54: Which Ericsson router platform is designed for high-capacity IP/MPLS core network deployments?

Smart Edge 6000
Ericsson Router 6000 (Correct answer)
SEIL X4
SSR 8000

Correct answer: Ericsson Router 6000

The Ericsson Router 6000 series is purpose-built for high-capacity core and edge IP/MPLS deployments.

Question 55: Which protocol provides link-level failure detection in milliseconds in Ericsson IP transport, often used alongside OSPF or BGP?

LACP
STP
LLDP
BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection)

BFD provides rapid sub-second failure detection between directly connected or remote routing peers, enabling faster protocol convergence.

Question 56: What is the 'Dedicated Bearer' concept in Ericsson's LTE EPC?

An additional EPS bearer created to give specific traffic flows different QoS from the default bearer (Correct answer)
A physical dedicated link between eNB and PGW
A bearer always present for IMS signaling only
A bearer reserved exclusively for emergency calls

Correct answer: An additional EPS bearer created to give specific traffic flows different QoS from the default bearer

A Dedicated Bearer supplements the Default Bearer to provide specific QoS treatment (e.g., guaranteed bitrate for VoLTE) to particular traffic flows identified by TFT (Traffic Flow Template).

Question 57: What form must you send the customer if they want any data that we hold about them?

A 'Subject Access Request' form (Correct answer)
A 'Declaration of Non-Receipt' form
A 'Change Request' form
A 'Data Capture' form

Correct answer: A 'Subject Access Request' form

When an individual wants to obtain a copy of the personal data an organization holds about them, they make a 'Subject Access Request' (SAR). This is a fundamental right under data protection laws like the Data Protection Act and GDPR. Organizations typically have a formal process, often involving a specific form, to handle these requests to ensure proper identification of the requester and efficient processing of the data.

Question 58: What is the purpose of Ethernet OAM (802.3ah/802.1ag) in Ericsson Carrier Ethernet deployments?

To detect and locate faults in Ethernet links and services (Correct answer)
To assign IP addresses to Ethernet devices
To increase Ethernet frame throughput
To encrypt Ethernet frames end-to-end

Correct answer: To detect and locate faults in Ethernet links and services

Ethernet OAM protocols (802.3ah for link-level and 802.1ag for end-to-end service) enable fault detection, path discovery, and performance monitoring.

Question 59: What is the primary purpose of MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE) in Ericsson transport networks?

Encrypting data in transit
Managing VLAN segmentation
Optimizing bandwidth utilization across network paths (Correct answer)
Providing IP address assignment

Correct answer: Optimizing bandwidth utilization across network paths

MPLS-TE allows operators to optimize bandwidth by directing traffic along specific paths rather than relying solely on shortest-path routing.

Question 60: Which of the following does not constitute ‘sensitive data’? Data consisting of information about....

...an individual's political opinions
...an individual's criminal convictions
...an individual's home address (Correct answer)
...an individual's religious beliefs

Correct answer: ...an individual's home address

Under data protection laws like GDPR, 'sensitive data' refers to specific categories requiring extra protection, such as information about an individual's religious beliefs, political opinions, or criminal convictions. An individual's home address, while considered 'personal data' because it can identify a person, does not fall into these special categories of 'sensitive data'. Sensitive data typically carries a higher risk of discrimination or harm if misused.

Ericsson Technical Certification Program (ETCP)

The ETCP validates technical competence in Ericsson telecommunications technologies, covering microwave and transmission solutions, IP and transport networks, and packet core and service continuity for ICT engineers and solution architects.

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