EMPCO Ergonomics & Workplace Injury Prevention Flashcards

Which hierarchy of controls is considered the most effective method for reducing ergonomic hazards?

Answer: Engineering controls (elimination/substitution)

Engineering controls such as elimination or substitution address the hazard at its source and are the most effective level in the hierarchy of controls.

What is 'neutral posture' in ergonomics?

Answer: Body position where joints are naturally aligned and biomechanical stress is minimized

Neutral posture refers to natural joint alignment that minimizes stress on muscles, tendons, and joints during work activities.

What is the purpose of an early intervention program in occupational injury prevention?

Answer: To address minor musculoskeletal symptoms before they become serious injuries

Early intervention programs identify and treat minor symptoms early, preventing progression to disabling injuries and reducing lost workdays.

Contact stress in ergonomics refers to:

Answer: Pressure on soft tissues from hard or sharp surfaces during work

Contact stress occurs when hard or sharp edges exert pressure on soft tissue areas like wrists or palms, potentially causing nerve and tissue damage.

Which workplace intervention best addresses awkward posture as an ergonomic risk factor?

Answer: Adjusting workstation height and tool design to maintain neutral posture

Adjusting workstation height and redesigning tools to maintain neutral body posture directly eliminates the biomechanical root cause of awkward posture injuries.

NIOSH recommends that when the Lifting Index (LI) exceeds 3.0, the task:

Answer: Represents significant injury risk and requires immediate ergonomic redesign

A NIOSH Lifting Index above 3.0 indicates a high risk of musculoskeletal injury for most workers and requires prompt engineering or administrative intervention.