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EFM - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Special Populations and High-Risk Conditions Questions and Answers Flashcards

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Read the first 6 EFM - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Special Populations and High-Risk Conditions Questions and Answers flashcards as text

  1. A laboring patient develops a fever of 101.8°F (38.8°C). Which EFM change is MOST directly expected as a result of maternal fever?

    Answer: Fetal tachycardia

    Maternal fever elevates fetal metabolic rate and increases fetal heart rate through direct thermal and inflammatory mechanisms, resulting in tachycardia.

  2. Which EFM pattern is classically associated with complete placental abruption?

    Answer: Prolonged deceleration or sudden bradycardia with loss of variability

    Complete placental abruption causes sudden cessation of uteroplacental blood flow, producing a prolonged deceleration or sustained bradycardia with loss of variability.

  3. When caring for a laboring patient with a uterine rupture, which EFM finding typically occurs FIRST?

    Answer: A prolonged or sudden fetal bradycardia

    Uterine rupture often presents acutely with a sudden prolonged fetal bradycardia due to catastrophic disruption of uteroplacental circulation.

  4. In a patient receiving epidural anesthesia, which hemodynamic change most commonly affects the fetal heart rate tracing?

    Answer: Maternal hypotension causing late or prolonged decelerations

    Epidural anesthesia can cause maternal hypotension due to sympathetic blockade, reducing uterine blood flow and causing late or prolonged fetal decelerations.

  5. A patient with polyhydramnios is being monitored with EFM. Which fetal heart rate concern is MOST associated with this condition?

    Answer: Cord prolapse causing sudden prolonged decelerations

    Polyhydramnios increases the risk of cord prolapse, particularly with rupture of membranes, which would produce sudden and severe fetal heart rate decelerations.

  6. In a patient with a prior cesarean birth monitored with EFM during a trial of labor (TOLAC), which pattern most specifically raises concern for uterine scar dehiscence?

    Answer: Sudden onset of late or prolonged decelerations in a previously reassuring tracing

    A sudden change to non-reassuring FHR patterns in a TOLAC patient should raise immediate suspicion for scar dehiscence or rupture disrupting fetal circulation.