Research Methodology Flashcards

Which hierarchy of evidence places which type of study at the highest level?

Answer: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs

The evidence hierarchy places systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials at the top because they synthesize the strongest primary evidence.

In EBD, 'translational research' refers to:

Answer: Applying laboratory or academic research findings to real-world design practice

Translational research bridges the gap between scientific findings and their practical application in design decisions.

Which sampling method ensures every member of the population has an equal chance of selection?

Answer: Simple random sampling

Simple random sampling gives every individual an equal probability of inclusion, reducing selection bias.

A researcher calculates a p-value of 0.03 for a design intervention study. This means:

Answer: There is a 3% probability that the result occurred by chance alone

A p-value of 0.03 indicates only a 3% probability that the observed result occurred by random chance, suggesting statistical significance.

In EBD research ethics, informed consent requires that participants:

Answer: Voluntarily agree to participate after receiving complete information about the study

Informed consent means participants voluntarily choose to participate with full understanding of risks, benefits, and their right to withdraw.

Which term describes how consistently a measurement tool produces the same results under the same conditions?

Answer: Reliability

Reliability is the consistency of a measurement instrument — it produces the same results when measuring the same thing repeatedly.