Echocardiogram Echocardiograms Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

Which layer of the pericardium is in direct contact with the epicardial surface of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Visceral pericardium

Answer

The visceral pericardium (epicardium) is the innermost serosal layer that adheres directly to the myocardium and epicardial fat.

Question 2

In a normal adult, the right ventricular free wall thickness should be less than:

Accepted Answer

5 mm

Answer

Normal RV free wall thickness is less than 5 mm; values ≥5 mm suggest RV hypertrophy.

Question 3

The crista terminalis is an anatomical ridge found in which cardiac chamber?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

The crista terminalis is a smooth muscular ridge on the internal posterior wall of the right atrium, separating the smooth and trabeculated portions.

Question 4

During ventricular systole, which event occurs FIRST?

Accepted Answer

AV valve closure

Answer

As ventricular pressure rises at the start of systole, it exceeds atrial pressure, causing AV valve closure before semilunar valves open.

Question 5

The left atrial appendage (LAA) is most commonly visualized in which echocardiographic view?

Accepted Answer

Transesophageal midesophageal commissural view

Answer

The LAA is best visualized on transesophageal echocardiography, particularly in the midesophageal commissural and LAA views.

(Echocardiogram) Certified Echocardiogram Technician Practice Test