DSST Ethics in America 3

Question 1

Aristotle's concept of 'eudaimonia' is best translated as:

Accepted Answer

Flourishing or well-being

Answer

Eudaimonia, central to Aristotle's ethics, is best translated as flourishing or well-being, achieved through virtuous activity.

Question 2

Which ethical principle underlies informed consent in medical practice?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Informed consent is grounded in respect for patient autonomy—the right of individuals to make decisions about their own bodies.

Question 3

Peter Singer's argument for global poverty relief is primarily based on:

Accepted Answer

The utilitarian principle of reducing suffering regardless of proximity

Answer

Singer argues from a utilitarian perspective that if we can prevent suffering without sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we are obligated to do so.

Question 4

The 'naturalistic fallacy,' as described by G.E. Moore, refers to:

Accepted Answer

Deriving moral claims from natural science alone

Answer

Moore argued it is fallacious to define 'good' in terms of natural properties, such as equating goodness with pleasure or evolutionary fitness.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an 'act utilitarian' approach?

Accepted Answer

Evaluate each individual action by whether it maximizes happiness in that specific situation

Answer

Act utilitarianism evaluates each individual act by calculating whether it produces the greatest happiness in that particular situation.

DSST - DANTES Subject Standardized Tests Practice Test

DSST - DANTES Subject Standardized Tests Practice Test

DSST Ethics in America 3