Physical Sciences Flashcards

What is the net charge of a neutron?

Answer: 0

Neutrons are subatomic particles found in the nucleus with no electrical charge.

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy in a closed system is:

Answer: Conserved — neither created nor destroyed

The first law of thermodynamics states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant.

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10⁻⁹ M?

Answer: 9

pH = −log[H⁺] = −log(10⁻⁹) = 9, indicating a basic solution.

A projectile is launched horizontally from a cliff. Which component of its velocity remains constant (ignoring air resistance)?

Answer: Horizontal velocity

Horizontal velocity remains constant because no horizontal force acts on the projectile during flight.

Which electromagnetic waves have the shortest wavelengths?

Answer: Gamma rays

Gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths (less than 10⁻¹¹ m) and highest frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum.

What is Le Chatelier's Principle?

Answer: A system at equilibrium shifts to oppose a stress placed upon it

Le Chatelier's Principle states that a system at equilibrium will counteract any imposed change to restore balance.

Two parallel wires carry current in the same direction. What is the magnetic force between them?

Answer: Attractive

Parallel currents flowing in the same direction create magnetic fields that pull the wires toward each other.