Surgical Interventions & Procedures Flashcards

Which structure is at greatest risk of injury during a fibular osteotomy for ankle fracture fixation?

Answer: Sural nerve and peroneal tendons

The sural nerve and peroneal tendons are in close proximity to the fibula along its posterior and lateral borders, placing them at risk during fibular osteotomies.

A Cotton osteotomy is used primarily to correct which deformity in flatfoot reconstruction?

Answer: Forefoot supination (dorsal opening wedge of medial cuneiform)

The Cotton osteotomy is a dorsal opening wedge osteotomy of the medial cuneiform that corrects forefoot supination in adult acquired flatfoot deformity.

What is the most common complication of digital arthroplasty (Keller procedure) for hallux rigidus?

Answer: Transfer metatarsalgia and floppy hallux

Resection of the proximal phalanx base in the Keller procedure disrupts the windlass mechanism and intrinsic muscle attachments, commonly causing transfer metatarsalgia and a floppy, unstable hallux.

During a tarsal tunnel release, which structure forms the roof of the tarsal tunnel?

Answer: Flexor retinaculum (laciniate ligament)

The flexor retinaculum, also called the laciniate ligament, forms the fibrous roof of the tarsal tunnel that is released to decompress the posterior tibial nerve.

Which osteotomy is indicated to correct isolated hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) deformity?

Answer: Akin osteotomy (medial closing wedge proximal phalangeal osteotomy)

The Akin osteotomy removes a medial closing wedge from the proximal phalanx to correct valgus deformity that occurs at the interphalangeal joint of the hallux.

In the Evans calcaneal osteotomy for flatfoot correction, the osteotomy is placed approximately how far from the posterior calcaneal facet?

Answer: 1.5 cm

The Evans osteotomy is placed approximately 1.5 cm anterior to the posterior facet of the subtalar joint to allow lateral column lengthening without violating the joint.

Which tendon transfer is most commonly used to correct a flexible dropfoot deformity in podiatric surgery?

Answer: Posterior tibialis tendon transfer through the interosseous membrane

Transfer of the posterior tibialis tendon through the interosseous membrane to the dorsum of the foot restores active dorsiflexion in flexible dropfoot.