Practice Test Geeks(DPM) Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Practice Test
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Clinical Biomechanics Flashcards

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  1. During the contact phase of gait, which muscle group acts eccentrically to control the rate of pronation?

    Answer: Tibialis posterior

    The tibialis posterior decelerates subtalar joint pronation eccentrically during the contact phase of gait.

  2. What is the functional significance of the angle of gait (toe-out angle) averaging approximately 7 degrees?

    Answer: It aligns the foot with the line of progression to optimize lever arm efficiency

    A 7-degree toe-out angle aligns the foot's propulsive axis with the line of progression, optimizing the lever arm for push-off.

  3. The windlass mechanism is most dependent on which anatomical structure becoming taut?

    Answer: Plantar fascia

    Dorsiflexion of the hallux tightens the plantar fascia, elevating the medial longitudinal arch via the windlass mechanism.

  4. In Root's neutral position casting technique, the subtalar joint is held at what position?

    Answer: Neutral — one-third of total range from supination

    Root's technique defines subtalar neutral as the position one-third of total range from full supination (or two-thirds from full pronation).

  5. Which forefoot deformity involves the plane of the metatarsal heads being inverted relative to the rearfoot when the subtalar joint is in neutral?

    Answer: Forefoot varus

    Forefoot varus is defined as inversion of the forefoot relative to the rearfoot when the subtalar joint is in neutral position.

  6. During propulsion, the foot must supinate for rigid lever function. Which joint motion primarily achieves this resupination?

    Answer: Subtalar joint inversion/supination

    Subtalar joint supination locks the transverse tarsal joint, converting the foot into a rigid lever for efficient push-off.

  7. A patient with a rearfoot varus deformity and compensated subtalar joint will demonstrate which characteristic at the midstance phase?

    Answer: Excessive pronation as the STJ compensates

    Compensated rearfoot varus causes excessive STJ pronation during midstance as the foot attempts to bring the metatarsal heads to the ground.

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