DOH Nursing Pediatric Nursing 3

Question 1

A nurse is administering an intramuscular injection to a 6-month-old infant. Which muscle is preferred?

Accepted Answer

Vastus lateralis (anterolateral thigh)

Answer

The vastus lateralis is the preferred IM injection site for infants <1 year because the deltoid is too small and the dorsogluteal carries sciatic nerve risk. The anterolateral thigh has well-developed muscle mass in infants.

Question 2

What is the normal blood pressure range for a healthy 5-year-old child?

Accepted Answer

95–110/60–70 mmHg

Answer

Normal BP for a 5-year-old is approximately 95–110/60–70 mmHg. Blood pressure increases gradually with age. A value of 120/80 mmHg is normal for adults. Hypertension in children is defined as BP ≥95th percentile for age, sex, and height.

Question 3

A child with sickle cell disease presents with severe bone pain, fever, and chest infiltrates on X-ray. What complication has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Acute chest syndrome

Answer

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) in sickle cell disease is defined by new pulmonary infiltrates on chest X-ray plus at least one symptom (fever, chest pain, decreased O2 saturation, or respiratory symptoms). It is the leading cause of death in SCD patients.

Question 4

Which behavior is a developmental milestone for a 12-month-old infant?

Accepted Answer

Standing independently and saying 1–2 words with meaning

Answer

At 12 months, infants typically pull to stand and may stand briefly alone, and begin using 1–2 meaningful words (e.g., 'mama,' 'dada'). Walking independently typically occurs at 12–15 months. Two-word phrases appear around 18–24 months.

Question 5

A child is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. Which intervention should occur first?

Accepted Answer

Administer prescribed IV antibiotics immediately, even before LP if there will be any delay

Answer

In suspected bacterial meningitis, antibiotics must not be delayed. If lumbar puncture will be delayed (e.g., waiting for CT), IV antibiotics should be started immediately. Every hour of delay in antibiotic therapy worsens outcomes and increases mortality.

DOH Nursing Practice Test

DOH Nursing Practice Test

DOH Nursing Pediatric Nursing 3