DOH Nursing Nursing Fundamentals & Patient Care

Question 1

What is the correct order of the nursing process?

Accepted Answer

Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

Answer

The nursing process follows the sequence: Assessment (data collection), Diagnosis (identifying problems), Planning (setting goals), Implementation (carrying out interventions), and Evaluation (measuring outcomes). This ADPIE framework is universally accepted.

Question 2

Which vital sign is considered the 'fifth vital sign' in modern nursing practice?

Accepted Answer

Pain

Answer

Pain is widely recognized as the fifth vital sign because it requires routine assessment alongside temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. The Joint Commission mandates regular pain assessment in accredited facilities.

Question 3

A patient's urine output over 8 hours is 160 mL. How should the nurse interpret this finding?

Accepted Answer

Oliguria, requiring immediate reporting

Answer

Normal urine output is 0.5–1 mL/kg/hr or at least 30 mL/hr. Over 8 hours, minimum expected output is 240 mL. A reading of 160 mL (20 mL/hr) constitutes oliguria and must be reported promptly.

Question 4

When performing hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand rub, how long should the rubbing procedure take?

Accepted Answer

20–30 seconds

Answer

WHO guidelines specify that alcohol-based hand rub should be applied and rubbed for 20–30 seconds covering all hand surfaces until hands are dry. This duration ensures adequate antimicrobial contact time.

Question 5

Which position is most appropriate for a patient experiencing respiratory distress?

Accepted Answer

High Fowler's (90°)

Answer

High Fowler's position (head of bed at 90°) maximizes diaphragm excursion and lung expansion by using gravity to lower abdominal organs away from the diaphragm, reducing the work of breathing.

DOH Nursing Practice Test

DOH Nursing Practice Test

DOH Nursing Nursing Fundamentals & Patient Care