Diet Macronutrients 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What are essential amino acids?
- Amino acids the body can produce on its own
- Amino acids that must be obtained through diet (Correct answer)
- Amino acids found only in plant foods
- Amino acids used solely for energy production
Correct answer: Amino acids that must be obtained through diet
Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be consumed through food.
Question 2: Which macronutrient plays the most important role in hormone production?
- Carbohydrates
- Protein
- Dietary fat (Correct answer)
- Fiber
Correct answer: Dietary fat
Dietary fat is essential for the production of steroid hormones including estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol.
Question 3: What is the recommended Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for total fat intake?
- 10–20%
- 20–35% (Correct answer)
- 35–50%
- 5–15%
Correct answer: 20–35%
The AMDR for fat is 20–35% of total daily calories for adults, supporting vital functions without excess.
Question 4: Which of the following foods is highest in healthy unsaturated fats?
- Butter
- Coconut oil
- Avocado (Correct answer)
- Whole milk
Correct answer: Avocado
Avocado is rich in monounsaturated fats, which are associated with heart health and reduced inflammation.
Question 5: How many grams of protein per kilogram of body weight is generally recommended for a sedentary adult?
- 0.4 g/kg
- 0.8 g/kg (Correct answer)
- 1.6 g/kg
- 2.2 g/kg
Correct answer: 0.8 g/kg
The RDA for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day for sedentary adults.
Question 6: What is glycogen?
- A type of dietary fat stored in adipose tissue
- The stored form of carbohydrates in the liver and muscles (Correct answer)
- A protein used for immune function
- A hormone that regulates fat metabolism
Correct answer: The stored form of carbohydrates in the liver and muscles
Glycogen is the stored form of glucose found primarily in the liver and skeletal muscle for quick energy release.
Question 7: Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of food (TEF)?
- Fat
- Carbohydrates
- Protein (Correct answer)
- Alcohol
Correct answer: Protein
Protein has the highest thermic effect, requiring 20–30% of its caloric value just for digestion and metabolism.
Diet Macronutrients 2
What are essential amino acids?