Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes 3

Question 1

A person with type 2 diabetes on a sulfonylurea develops sweating, tremors, and confusion between meals. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels, making hypoglycemia a significant risk, especially if meals are skipped.

Question 2

Which type of dietary fat is most associated with worsening insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Trans fats

Answer

Trans fats increase LDL cholesterol, promote inflammation, and are linked to worsened insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.

Question 3

What is the recommended blood pressure target for most adults with type 2 diabetes and hypertension according to the ADA?

Accepted Answer

Less than 130/80 mmHg

Answer

The American Diabetes Association recommends a blood pressure target of less than 130/80 mmHg for most adults with diabetes to reduce cardiovascular and renal risk.

Question 4

Which finding on urine testing is an early marker of diabetic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

Microalbuminuria

Answer

Microalbuminuria (30–300 mg/day of albumin in urine) is an early sign of diabetic nephropathy, indicating glomerular damage before overt proteinuria develops.

Question 5

Which antidiabetic medication class has been shown to reduce hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors like empagliflozin and dapagliflozin have demonstrated significant reductions in heart failure hospitalizations in cardiovascular outcome trials.

Diabetes Practice Test

Diabetes Practice Test

Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes 3