Diabetes Complications & Comorbidities 2

Question 1

Which complication is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Answer

Cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease and heart failure, accounts for the majority of deaths in people with diabetes.

Question 2

Compared to adults without diabetes, those with diabetes have approximately how many times greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

2 times greater risk

Answer

Adults with diabetes have approximately 2-4 times greater risk of cardiovascular disease compared to people without diabetes.

Question 3

Which class of glucose-lowering medications has demonstrated significant cardiovascular outcome benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors such as empagliflozin and canagliflozin have shown reduced rates of major adverse cardiovascular events and heart failure hospitalizations in major outcome trials.

Question 4

What does peripheral artery disease (PAD) involve in patients with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerotic narrowing of arteries supplying the limbs

Answer

PAD involves atherosclerotic narrowing of the arteries supplying the lower extremities, reducing blood flow and significantly increasing the risk of ulcers, infection, and amputation.

Question 5

Which combination of metabolic abnormalities defines metabolic syndrome, significantly amplifying cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension, and elevated fasting glucose

Answer

Metabolic syndrome requires at least 3 of 5 criteria: abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and elevated fasting glucose.

Diabetes Practice Test

Diabetes Practice Test

Diabetes Complications & Comorbidities 2