Diabetes Blood Sugar Management 2

Question 1

What is the recommended blood glucose target range (mg/dL) before meals for most non-pregnant adults with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

80–130

Answer

The ADA recommends a preprandial glucose of 80–130 mg/dL for most non-pregnant adults with diabetes.

Question 2

Which hormone is released by alpha cells of the pancreas when blood glucose drops dangerously low?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Glucagon, secreted by pancreatic alpha cells, signals the liver to release stored glucose during hypoglycemia.

Question 3

A patient's continuous glucose monitor shows persistent readings above 250 mg/dL. Besides adjusting insulin, what should be checked first?

Accepted Answer

Urine or blood ketones

Answer

Persistent hyperglycemia above 250 mg/dL warrants ketone testing to rule out diabetic ketoacidosis.

Question 4

Which type of insulin is most appropriate for correcting an unexpected spike in blood sugar two hours after a meal?

Accepted Answer

Rapid-acting (lispro/aspart)

Answer

Rapid-acting analogs like lispro or aspart act quickly enough to address post-meal glucose spikes effectively.

Question 5

What effect does physical exercise typically have on blood glucose in a person with type 1 diabetes during moderate aerobic activity?

Accepted Answer

It generally lowers glucose by increasing insulin sensitivity

Answer

Moderate aerobic exercise increases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake by muscles, generally lowering blood glucose.

Diabetes Practice Test