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Oral & Injectable Medications Flashcards

7 cards from real Diabetes practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which SGLT-2 inhibitor has FDA approval specifically for reducing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes?

    Answer: Dapagliflozin (Farxiga)

    Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) is FDA-approved to reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in type 2 diabetes based on the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial.

  2. A patient rotates insulin injection sites incorrectly and always injects in the same spot. What complication may develop?

    Answer: Lipohypertrophy

    Repeated injections at the same site cause lipohypertrophy — a buildup of fatty tissue that impairs insulin absorption.

  3. For patients requiring insulin who have significant insulin resistance and large total daily doses, which concentrated insulin formulation may be appropriate?

    Answer: Insulin glargine U-300 (Toujeo)

    Insulin glargine U-300 (Toujeo) delivers three times the units per mL, reducing injection volume for highly insulin-resistant patients.

  4. Which oral diabetes agent has demonstrated both cardiovascular mortality benefit AND renal protective effects, making it a preferred agent in T2DM with CKD?

    Answer: Empagliflozin

    Empagliflozin (Jardiance) showed cardiovascular mortality reduction in EMPA-REG OUTCOME and renal protection in EMPEROR-Reduced/Preserved trials.

  5. A diabetes educator notes a patient's insulin pen needle is not changed after every injection. What patient education point is most important?

    Answer: Reusing needles causes blunting and barbing, leading to painful injections and inconsistent delivery

    Pen needles are single-use; reuse causes microscopic barbs and tip distortion, resulting in pain, lipohypertrophy, and unpredictable insulin absorption.

  6. Glucagon emergency kits are prescribed for patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin. What is the standard adult IM dose?

    Answer: 1 mg

    The standard adult dose of glucagon for severe hypoglycemia is 1 mg administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intranasally.

  7. Which class of diabetes medication is associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infections and lower limb amputations as noted in FDA labeling?

    Answer: SGLT-2 inhibitors

    SGLT-2 inhibitors, particularly canagliflozin, carry FDA warnings for increased risk of lower limb amputation and urinary tract infections.