Nutrition and Diet Flashcards
7 cards from real Diabetes practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Nutrition and Diet flashcards as text
During illness, a person with Type 1 diabetes who cannot eat should:
Answer: Continue taking basal insulin and check blood sugar frequently
Basal insulin must continue during illness even without food intake because stress hormones raise blood glucose, and frequent monitoring helps guide adjustments.
Which fermented food may benefit gut microbiome health and improve insulin sensitivity in people with diabetes?
Answer: Plain Greek yogurt with live cultures
Plain Greek yogurt with live active cultures provides probiotics that support a healthy gut microbiome, which is linked to improved insulin sensitivity.
How does alcohol consumption affect blood glucose in a person taking insulin or sulfonylureas?
Answer: It can cause delayed hypoglycemia hours after drinking
Alcohol inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver, which can cause hypoglycemia several hours after drinking, especially when insulin or sulfonylureas are on board.
Which macronutrient adjustment is the basis of a low-carbohydrate diet for diabetes management?
Answer: Limiting carbohydrates to 20-50g per day
A low-carbohydrate diet for diabetes typically restricts carbohydrate intake to 20-50g daily, which directly reduces post-meal glucose and insulin demand.
A person with Type 2 diabetes is trying to lose weight. Which eating pattern is specifically supported by the ADA for weight loss in diabetes?
Answer: Multiple eating patterns including Mediterranean, low-carb, and DASH can be effective
The ADA recognizes that multiple eating patterns—including Mediterranean, low-carbohydrate, vegetarian, and DASH diets—can be effective for weight loss and diabetes management.
What effect does vinegar (acetic acid) have on blood glucose when consumed with a high-carbohydrate meal?
Answer: It slows gastric emptying and reduces the glycemic response
Acetic acid in vinegar slows gastric emptying and inhibits starch digestion enzymes, reducing the post-meal blood glucose spike.
Which statement about protein intake for people with diabetes WITHOUT kidney disease is accurate?
Answer: Moderate protein intake (15-20% of calories) is generally appropriate
For people with diabetes without kidney disease, a moderate protein intake of 15-20% of total calories is generally safe and supports satiety and muscle maintenance.